electro-, electr-, electri-

A housing, usually aluminum or copper, placed around a circuit to prevent interaction with other circuits by providing a low resistance and a reflecting path to ground or high-frequency radiation.

Any means of avoiding pickup of undesired signals or noise, suppressing radiation of undesired signals, or confining wanted signals or noise, suppressing radiation of undesired signals, or confining wanted signals to desired paths or regions; such as, electrostatic shielding.

1. In medicine, a method of stimulating an excitable tissue; such as, a nerve or muscle, by applying a short electrical current and the immediate effects resulting from such stimulation.
2. A traumatic physical state caused by the passage of electric currents through the body.
3. The sudden pain, convulsion, unconsciousness, or death produced by the passage of electric current through a body.
4. Injury from electricity that varies according to the type and strength of current and length and location of the contacts.

It usually involves an accidental contact with exposed parts of electric circuits in home appliances and domestic power supplies; however, it may also result from lightning or contact with high-voltage wires.

Electric shocks range from trivial burns to complete charring and destruction of skin. They may also cause unconsciousness from paralysis of the respiratory center, fibrillation of the heart, or both depending on the intensity of the electric current, the type of current, and the duration and the frequency of the current flow.

Alternating current (AC), direct current (DC), and mixed currents cause different kinds and different degrees of damage to the body.

Burns and the loss of consciousness are a couple of the symptoms of electrical injury.

A gas-filled tube used in plasma physics to suddenly ionize a gas.

A capacitor bank charged to a high voltage is discharged into the gas at one tube end to ionize and heat the gas, producing a shock wave that may be studied as it travels down the tube.

1. A low-resistance conductor connected in parallel across a device, circuit, or part of a circuit to provide an alternative path for a known fraction of the current.
2. A precision low-value resistor placed across the terminals of an ammeter to increase its range by allowing a known fraction of the electric-circuit current to go around the meter.

1. An electrically energized coil of insulated wire that produces a magnetic field within the coil; in particular, a coil that surrounds a movable iron core that is pulled to a central position with respect to the coil when it is energized by sending electric current through the coil.
2. A device made of a long wire which has been wound around many times into a tightly packed coil.

It has the shape of a long cylinder and if a current is sent through a solenoid made of insulated wire and having a length much greater than its diameter, a uniform magnetic field will be created inside the solenoid.

This field can be intensified by inserting a ferromagnetic core into the solenoid.

A sudden and quick electric current that flows between two objects at different electrical potentials caused by direct contact or which are induced by an electrostatic field.

Electric sparks play an important part in many physical effects; usually these are harmful and undesirable effects, ranging from the gradual destruction of contacts in a conventional electrical switch to the large-scale disruption resulting from lightning discharges.

Sometimes the spark is useful; for example, its function in the ignition system of an automobile, its use as an intense short-duration illumination source in high-speed photography, and its use as a source of excitation in spectroscopy.

An electric device that helps control curvature of the spine by stimulating back muscles.

The portable battery-powered machine does not correct scoliosis (abnormal lateral curvature of the spine); however, it apparently does keep it from getting worse.

A stacker whose carriage is raised and lowered by a winch powered by electric storage batteries.

A stacker is a machine for lifting merchandise on a platform or fork and arranging it in tiers; operated by hand, electric, or hydraulic mechanisms.

Steel produced or melted in an electric furnace which permits close control and the addition of alloying elements directly into the furnace.

A mechanism that produces brief flashes of light for observing the behavior of an object during a short interval.

One of the most effective means for accomplishing this action is a gaseous tube energized by the discharge of an electrical condenser.

Flashes as short as one microsecond have been produced in this procedure.

An instrument that measures temperatures during oil-well temperature surveying.

It has a thermocouple, resistance wire, or thermistor as the temperature-sensitive element.

A dimensionless parameter measuring the ease of polarization of a dielectric, equal (in meter-kilogram-second units) to the ratio of the polarization to the product of the electric field strength and the vacuum permittivity or the measure of the ability of a material to resist the formation of an electric field within it.

An instrument for measuring rotational speed by measuring the output voltage of a generator driven by the rotating unit.

A system that transmits electric impulses from the primary detector to a remote receiving station, with or without wire interconnections.