hyper-, hyp-

1. Extreme muscular withdrawal of a limb outward from the body.
2. Abduction (movement of the limbs toward the lateral plane or away from the body) of a limb beyond the normal limit.

Excessive rate of healing.

Pertaining to excessive acidity; highly acidic: The symptoms of a hyperacid stomach can be stomach and duodenal ulcers, indigestion, and food allergies.

Overly active, such as the inability to relax or to sit quietly: Hyperactive children are characterized by constant motion-exploring, experimenting, etc. and this condition is usually accompanied by distractions and frustrations.

Some medical specialists suggest that a hyperactive adult might have brain damage and psychosis, but not necessarily.

Rosacea is a painful acne-like skin disorder, characterized by dilated blood vessels and persistent redness of the face.

There is evidence that cathelicidin peptides (which are chemotactic, angiogenic, and bactericidal, and are important for innate immune responses in the skin) are involved in the pathogenesis of rosacea.

1. A condition characterized by excessive restlessness and movement: Some students in school have a problem of hyperactivity in that they cannot sit still and seem to be quite nervous, uneasy, jittery, and therefore disrupt the lessons and concentration of the other students.
2. A higher than normal level of activity: Susan showed a high degree of hyperactivity at the dinner table that evening with an excessive amount of talking and fidgeting.

A body organ can be described as hyperactive if it is more active than normal and a person's behavior can also be considered as hyperactive.

People who are affected by hyperactivity always seem to be in motion. They can't sit still. They may dash around or talk incessantly. Sitting still through a lesson can be an impossible task. They may roam around the room, squirm in their seats, wiggle their feet, touch everything, or noisily tap a pencil. They may also feel intensely restless.

The increased sharpness of sense perceptions: When Anita went to the ophthalmologist's office for a regular check-up, she was diagnosed as having hyperacuity, which was better than twenty-twenty vision!

1. Abnormal sensitivity to some sounds, sometimes resulting in pain even when only moderately loud sounds are in the area of the subject: Brett had been diagnosed with hyperacusia which made his job of monitoring crowds at band concerts too difficult for him to tolerate any more because the noise of the crowds and the music of the bands were too painful for his ears.

Deafness is not the only danger of noise exposure of hyperacusia, in fact stress causes some 45,000 fatal heart attacks a year in the developing world, according to researcher Dieter Schwela of the Stockholm Environment Institute.

2. Increased sharpness of hearing or a condition that exists when sounds are perceived as abnormally loud: Although Caroline always wanted to attend a live concert with her favorite band, she was advised not to do so because of the hyperacusia in her ears which would make going to the concert a terribly painful experience.

Glandular enlargement: Hyperadenosis can especially be detected in the lymphatic glands as in the Hodgkin's disease.

An extreme degree of fatness; morbid obesity; lipomatosis: If someone is severely overweight, he or she suffers from hyperadiposis exemplified by an extreme accumulation of body fat or an unusual degree of adiposis.

Severe adiposity: Mr. Big suffered from hyperadiposity and it was extremely difficult for him to get up after sitting in his comfortable chair, so Dr. Tall told him that it was of upmost importance that he begin treatment at once.

A greater than normal concentration of epinephrine in the blood.

Epinephrine is a substance produced by the medulla (inside) of the adrenal gland.

The name epinephrine was coined in 1898 by the American pharmacologist and physiologic chemist (biochemist) John Jacob Abel who isolated it from the adrenal gland which is located above (epi-) the kidney (Greek nephros).

Epinephrine causes increased rapidness of the heart beat, strengthens the force of the heart's contraction, opens up the airways (bronchioles) in the lungs, and has numerous other effects.

Excessive sensitivity to painful stimuli; hyperalgia: Hyperalgesia can be caused by an injury to nociceptors in the soft tissues of an individuals body.

A reference to an exaggerated sense of pain: The patients were tested for any hyperalgesic responses to the new medicine that they took.

Relating to hyperalgesia (an excessive sensitiveness to pain): Dr. Smart told Jane that she didn't suffer from hyperalge, but from a hyperalgetic condition in which she had an extreme sensibility to pain in comparison to other people.