electro-, electr-, electri-

1. A device that detects the presence of minute charges of electricity and determines their sign by means of electrostatic attraction and repulsion.
2. A measuring instrument that detects and measures an electric charge, usually consisting of a rod holding two strips of gold foil that separate when the same charge is applied to each one.
3. An instrument used to detect the presence, sign, and in some configurations the magnitude of an electric charge by the mutual attraction or repulsion of metal foils or pith balls.
4. An instrument for detecting the presence of static electricity and its relative amount, and for determining whether it is positie or negative.
5. An electrostatic instrument for measuring a potential difference or an electric charge with the mechanical force exerted between electrically charged surfaces which detects the intensity of radiation.

In one form, two narrow strips of gold leaf suspended in a glass jar spread apart when charged. The angle between the strips is then related to the charge.

A reference to an instrument for detecting very small charges of electricity, electric fields, or radiation.

Such a device can indicate whether they are positive or negative as by the divergence of electrically charged strips of gold leaf.

When fitted with optical means for quantitative observation of the divergence, an electroscope serves as an electrometer.

1. A surgical procedure that involves an electrosurgical incision; such as, with a cautery.
2. An incision created by electrosurgery, ideally by using a fully rectified, alternating high-frequency current and producing minimal cellular injury.
3. Tissue division of the body with a knife-like electrode operated by a high-frequency device.
4. A type of electrosurgery used to cut into, to plane, or to remove tissue.

The active electrode uses slightly damped, modulated undamped, or undamped currents and may be a knife blade, wire loop, or needle; the passive electrode is an adhesive dispersive pad.

The responsiveness of the sensory nerves to electric stimulation.

1. Easily affected by electric current or overly sensitive to any form of electricity.
2. The change in the resistivity of certain materials with changes in applied voltage.
3. Readily affected by electric current.

1. A conductive kind of paper which gets dark when electric current is sent through it.
2. A paper that turns blue, brown, or black where ever a direct current passes through it which is used with facsimile and high-speed printers.

A facsimile printing process whereby imaging is based on a two-layer paper composed of a white titanium oxide coating and dark under layer.

The paper, that may be sheet-fed or roll-fed, is imaged via contact with an electric stylus; as the charged wire touches the paper, the white coating is burned off, line by line, to correspond to the dark image areas of the original.

1. A document that is produced when an electric current is applied through a stylus onto a specially treated paper.
2. A recording in which the image is produced by passing electric current through the recording sheet.
3. The passage of electric current into a sheet of sensitive paper to produce a permanent record.
4. A technique which uses the passage of an electric current through a recording medium to produce a permanent image on that medium.

1. A condition of shock produced by passing an electric current through the brain which is useful in the treatment of certain mental disorders.
2. A shock produced by an electric current.
3. Having a shock caused by an accidental contact with an electric current.

The symptoms are similar to those of shocks produced by thermal burns, trauma, or coronary thrombosis.

1. The passing of a small electric current through the brain to induce a seizure, used in the treatment of severe psychiatric disorders.
2. A treatment of certain mental disorders by passing an electric current of 85-110 volts through the brain.
3. The use of electric current to produce unconsciousness or convulsions in the treatment of psychotic disorders; especially, depressive disorders.
4. The induction of convulsive seizures by the passing of an electric current through the brain.

It is sometimes used in the treatment of acute depression.

1. A single pass welding process for thick materials in a vertical or close to a vertical position.

An electric arc is initially struck by a wire which is fed into a weld location and then flux is added.

Additional flux is added until the molten slag, reaching the tip of the electrode, extinguishes the arc.

2. A welding process in which consumable electrodes are fed into a joint containing flux.

The electric current melts the flux, and the flux in turn melts the faces of the joint and the electrodes, allowing the weld metal to form a continuously ingot cast between the joint faces.

3. Having to do with a method of welding or refining metals by passing an electric current through molten metal and a layer of slag in which impurities are dissolved.

A technique designed to induce sleep; especially, in psychiatric patients, by administering a low-amplitude pulsating current to the brain.

Electrosleep therapy is said to be beneficial for patients with anxieties, depressions, gastric distress, insomnia, personality disorders, and schizophrenia.

1. A relaxed condition resembling sleep induced by a transcranial application of electric current of low intensity, employed as therapy for various disorders; such as, depression, insomnia, etc.
2. Sleep which is induced by passing an electric current through the brain between electrodes placed om the temples.
3. Sleep which is produced by the passage of mild electrical impulses through parts of the brain.

This technique has been used experimentally in treating insomnia and mental illness.

1. An automatic frequency analysis of the constituent wave forms of the electroencephalogram or a graphic record of the electrical activity of the brain as recorded by an electroencephalograph or an instrument for recording the electrical activity of the brain, usually by means of electrodes placed on the scalp; used to diagnose tumors of the brain, to study brain waves, etc.
2. The recording, study, and interpretation of electroencephalographic wave patterns or a technique for recording electrical activity in the brain, whose cells emit distinct patterns of rhythmic electrical impulses.

A layer of the atmosphere, beginning a few tens of kilometers above the surface of the earth and extending to the ionosphere, in which the electrical conductivity is so high that the layer is essentially at a constant electric potential, or the work required to transfer a unit positive electric charge from an infinite distance to a given point against an electric field.