electro-, electr-, electri-

(Greek > Latin: electric, electricity; from amber, resembling amber, generated from amber which when rubbed vigorously [as by friction], produced the effect of static electricity)

Electronics in our lives consists of numerous tools

Equipment which we use everyday relies on electronics to function including calculators, car controls, cameras, washing machines, medical scanners, mobile telephones, radar systems, computers; as well as many other applications or devices which are listed in this unit.

electronic radiography
1. A procedure in which an image generated by an irradiated object is converted into a signal for television viewing.
2. Radiography in which the image is detached by direct image converter tubes or by the use of television pickup or electronic scanning, and the resultant signals are amplified and presented for viewing on a kinescope or a recorded television program.
electronic reconnaissance, reconnaissance
1. The scanning by electronic procedures so substantially uniform coverage of an area is provided by a predetermined pattern of scanning lines.
2. The detection, identification, evaluation, and location of foreign, electromagnetic radiations by processing electronic circuits as carried out by aircraft, drones, missiles, earth satellites, or fixed monitoring stations.

It includes both radar reconnaissance and electronic-countermeasure reconnaissance.

electronic recording
1. A method of producing a graphical record of a varying quantity or signal by controlling an electron beam with an electromagnetic field, as in a cathode-ray oscillograph.
2. The process of making a graphical record of a varying quantity or signal (or the result of such a process) by electronic procedures, involving control of an electron beam by electric or magnetic fields, as in a cathode-ray oscillograph, in contrast to light-beam recording.
electronic relay
An electronic circuit which provides the function of a relay (electromechanical switch operated by a flow of electricity in one circuit and controlling the flow of electricity in another circuit) but which has no moving parts.

A solid-state relay (an on/off control device) which uses no moving parts is one example of an electronic relay.

electronic robot
1. A robot operated by electronic components; such as, direct current stepping motors.
2. A robot whose motions are powered by a direct electronic-current stepper motor; such as, a motor that rotates in small, fixed increments and is used to control the movement of the access arm on a disk drive.
electronic sculpturing
1. A process by which a system can be modeled on an analog computer by interconnecting analogous system components.

Such dynamic behavior can be simulated by altering circuit gains and reference voltages.

2. A procedure that is used for constructing a model of a system by using an analog computer, in which the model is devised at the console by interconnecting components on the basis of analogous configurations with real system elements.

By adjusting circuit gains and reference voltages, dynamic behavior can be generated which corresponds to the desired response, or is recognizable in the real system.

electronic security
1. Protection resulting from measures designed to deny to unauthorized people any information of value that might be obtained by the interception and analysis of non-communications electromagnetic radiations.
2. A security procedure that is used to restrict access to valuable information.
3. Protection which results from all of the measures designed to prevent unauthorized people access to information of value which might be derived from the possession and study of electromagnetic radiations.
electronic shutter
A mechanical shutter with an electronic timing circuit.

Such a circuit allows a wider range of exposure times, can be more accurate, and, when it is put in a circuit with a photoconductive cell, it permits automatic settings of shutter speeds.

electronic sky screen equipment, electronic skyscreen equipment
1. An instrument which signals the exit of a missile from a predetermined trajectory or the path of a flying object.
2. An electronic device that indicates the departure of a missile from a predetermined trajectory or the path followed by an object moving through space.

The term sky screen refers to equipment that provides a posiive indication to the military range-safety officer whenever a missile deviates from its planned trajectory or its movement through space.

One sky screen monitors the flight bearing and the other sky screen monitors vertical programming.

electronic smog
Non-ionizing radiation; such as, radar or television waves, which is emitted or thrown into the environment in such quantities as to constitute a potential health hazard.
electronic specific heat
1. The specific heat contributed by the motion of conduction electrons in a conductor.
2. A contribution to the specific heat of a metal from the motion of conduction electrons.
electronic spectrum
1. A spectrum produced by the absorption or emission of electromagnetic radiation resulting only from electron transitions, rather than from vibrational, rotational, or other types of transitions.
2. The spectrum resulting from emission or absorption of electromagnetic radiation during changes in the electron configuration of atoms, ions, or molecules, as opposed to vibrational, rotational, fine-structure, or hyperfine spectra.
electronic speed control
A system in which a motor's speed is controlled by feedback from a frequency-sensing circuit attached to the mechanism that is being powered.

Changes from the desired speed cause corrective signals to speed up or to slow down the motor.

electronic speedometer
1. An instrument that is used to measure speed by means of a transducer which carries data pulses over wires to the speed and mileage indicators.
2. A speedometer in which a transducer sends speed and distance pulses over wires to the speed and mileage indicators, eliminating the need for a mechanical link involving a flexible shaft.
electronic spread, passive spread
In neurophysiology, the phenomenon of changes in polarization along one point of an axon (nerve fiber of a neuron that carries the unidirectional nerve impulse away from the cell body), causing changes in polarizations in neighboring regions.

The references or sources of information for compiling the words and definitions in this unit are listed at this Electronic Bibliography page or specific sources are indicated when they are appropriate.


A cross reference of word units that are related, directly and/or indirectly, with "electricity": galvano-; hodo-; ion-; piezo-; -tron; volt; biomechatronics, info; mechatronics, info.