electro-, electr-, electri-

A metallic salt often found in association with binding proteins; such as, antibodies: An electron-opaque tracer is used to detect the presence of specific molecules or structures in an electron microscopic examination of a sample.

A combination of parts capable of producing and controlling a beam of electrons to produce an image of an object.

1. The area of science devoted to the directing and guiding of electron beams using electric fields in the same manner as lenses are used on light beams.
2. The study of the motion of free electrons under the influence of electric and magnetic fields; as in laser technology, light amplificaion, and photoelectricity.
3. The science that deals with the direction, deflection, or focusing of beams of electrons by electric and magnetic fields; such as, in electron lenses.
4. The science of the control of electron motion by electron lenses in systems or under conditions analogous to those involving or affecting visible light.
5. A branch of electronics concerned with the behavior of the electron beam under the influence of electrostatic and electromagnetic forces.
6. The science of the emission and propagation of electrons and of the factors controlling and modifying their flow; especially, when applied to electron microscopy.
7. The science and technology concerned with the use of applied electrical fields to generate and to control optical radiation.

The term electron-optics is often used erroneously as a synonym for optoelectronic.

The path of an electron or the path described by an electron as it circulates around around the nucleus of an atom.

1. Two valence electrons which create a non-polar connection between two adjacent atoms.
2. A pair of valence electrons that form a non-polar bond between two neighboring atoms.

1. A bond in which each atom of a bound pair contributes one electron to form a pair of electrons.
2. A chemical bond between two atoms of the same or different elements, in which each atom contributes one electron to be shared in a pair.

1. A resonant absorption of electromagnetic radiation by a paramagnetic substance, having unpaired electrons, when the energy levels are split by the application of a strong magnetic field.
2. Magnetic resonance arising from the magnetic moment of unpaired electrons in a paramagnetic substance or in a paramagnetic center in a diamagnetic substance (a group of substances which in a magnetic field become magnetic in an opposite direction to that of iron or relating to a substance that is repelled by a magnet).

1. Paramagnetism arising from the contributions of the net magnetic moments of the unpaired electron of the individual atoms to molecules in a paramagnetic substance, because of the tendency to align magnetic moments with an external magnetic field.
2. Paramagnetism in a substance in which atoms or molecules possess a net electronic magnetic moment.

It arises because of the tendency of a magnetic field to orient the electronic magnetic moments parallel to itself.

A magnetic moment refers to a vector associated with a magnet, current loop, particle, etc., whose cross product with the magnetic induction (or alternatively, the magnetic field strength) of a magnetic field is equal to the torque exerted on the system by the field.

In physical chemistry, being somewhat deficient in electrons, and therefore, able to accept an available pair of electrons.

The electron and the positron (elementary particle having mass equal to that of the electron) simultaneously created by the process of pair production.

1. A vacuum chamber which is encased with bending and focusing magnets, in which counter-rotating beams of electrons and positrons are stored for several hours and then forced to collide with each other.
2. An annular vacuum chamber, enclosed by bending and focusing magnets, in which counter-rotating beams of electrons and positrons are stored for several hours and can be made to collide with each other.

1. A technique for the analysis of a very small amount of material by bombarding it with a narrow beam of electrons and examining the resulting x-ray emission spectrum.
2. An analytical technique used to determine the nature of extremely small samples by forming the x-ray spectrum of the samples through excitation by a finely focused electron beam.
3. Identification and measurement of elements and their location based on the fact that x-rays emitted by an element excited by an electron beam have a wavelength characteristic of that element and an intensity related to its concentration.

It is performed with an electron microscope fitted with an x-ray spectrometer, in a scanning or transmission mode.

The classical value of the radius of an electron which is obtained by equating the rest-mass energy of the electron to its electrostatic self-energy.

1. A small cathode-ray tube with a fluorescent screen on which the pattern varies with the voltage applied to the grid which is used to indicate the accuracy of tuning in a radio receiver.
2. A small cathode-ray tube having a fluorescent pattern whose size varies with the voltage applied to the grid.

It is used in radio receivers to indicate the accuracy of tuning and as a modulation indicator in some tape recorders.

1. A small cathode-ray tube having a fluorescent screen on which the pattern varies with the voltage applied to the grid that is used chiefly in radio receivers to indicate accuracy of tuning.
2. A special-purpose electron tube in which electrons are accelerated by high-voltage anodes, formed into a beam by focusing electrodes, and projected toward a phosphorescent screen that forms one face of the tube.

To form a display, or image, on the screen, the electron beam is deflected in the vertical and horizontal directions either by the electrostatic effect of electrodes within the tube or by magnetic fields produced by coils located around the neck of the tube.

3. A type of recording-level indicator using a luminous display in a special tube.

The display is usually like an "eye" with a keyhole in the middle, and the maximum recording level corresponds to the closing-up of a slot at the bottom of the keyhole which is superseded by meters in current-model recorders.