phreno-, phren-, phreni-, phrenico-, phrenic-, -phrenia, -phrenic, -phrenically

Spasm of the diaphragm, as when hiccuping.

A reference to the connection of the diaphragm and the spleen.

1. Affecting or working through the mind or brain.
2. Exerting its principal effect upon the mind.
3. The term is usually used to describe certain pharmacologic agents, such as psychotomimetics, tranquilizers, and energizers, that have an effect on mental processes.

1. Mental derangement; delirium, or temporary insanity; in later use chiefly the uncontrollable rage or excitement of paroxysm of mania.
2. Agitation or disorder of the mind likened to madness; a state of delirious fury, rage, enthusiasm, or the like; also, wild folly, distraction, craziness.
3. A crazy notion or wild idea; also, a craze or mania for something.
4. Inflammation of the brain.

A disability of mental faculties that are typical of old age: Presbyophrenia exhibits a confusional disorientation, mistakes in identity, confabulation, and fretting without achieving any purpose or aim.

Presbyophrenic informal conversation normally shows poorness, dullness, immaturity, and simpleness of content. Because ethical conduct is maintained for a comparatively long time, the patient is capable of blending into small social groups, especially because his or her feelings or emotions tend towards happiness and good-naturedness.

A condition of an individual prior to the onset of a severe psychiatric disorder: The time before Jack was having signs of such mental ailments, the doctor was wondering about the period in his life termed preschizophrenia.

Impairment of mental faculties characteristic of old age.

1. A severe psychiatric disorder with symptoms of emotional instability, detachment from reality, often with delusions and hallucinations, and withdrawal into the self.
2. The term schizophrenia was introduced in 1911 by Eugen Bleuler because neither early onset nor terminal deterioration is an essential feature of the mental disease. Bleuler described the schizophrenias as a slowly progressive deterioration of the entire personality, which involves mainly the affective life, and expresses itself in disorder of feeling, thought and conduct, and a tendency to withdraw from reality.
3. A mental disorder occurring in various forms, all characterized by a breakdown in the relation between thoughts, feelings, and actions; usually with a withdrawal from social activities and the occurrence of delusions and hallucinations.
4. An offensive term for contradictory or conflicting attitudes, behavior, or qualities.

Abnormally rapid mental activity.