phleb-, phlebo-, -phleb +

Repair or reconstruction of a vein by suturing its wall.

Rupture of a vein.

A fibrous hardening or thickening of the walls of the veins: Phlebosclerosis is a result of collagen or gluey gelatin deposits in the venous walls as a response to some kind of external trauma or venous hypertension.

Also called proliferative endophlebitis, productive phlebitis, venofibrosis, and phlebofibrosis.

Abnormal noninflammatory changes in the veins.

1. The temporary compression of veins: Phlebostasia impedes or restrains the amount of blood from the normal or usual circulation in a person, often by using a tourniquet.
2. Stoppage of blood in a vein or artery: Phlebostasis is due either to a pathological venous distension or as a result of the application of a tourniquet.

Stasis refers to the stoppage of the normal flow of fluids, such as of the blood or urine, or of the intestinal mechanism.

Stenosis; constriction or narrowing of a vein.

The twisting of a vein to decrease or to stop bleeding.

1. Presence of a clot in a vein, unassociated with inflammation of the wall of the vein.
2. Thrombosis of a vein without prior inflammation of the vein; associated with sluggish blood flow (as in prolonged bedrest or pregnancy or surgery) or with rapid coagulation of the blood.
3. The clotting of blood in a vein.

1. Someone who practices phlebotomy or venesection; that is, draws blood by use of a syringe and needle.
2. A medic who draws blood from a vein for analysis or transfusion.

1. To draw blood from a person; there was a time when doctors routinely bled patients as part of a medical treatment. Synonyms: to bleed, to leech.
2. To remove blood by phlebotomy.

A compulsion for bloodletting as was once practiced by “medical” doctors who believed that most illnesses were caused by diseased blood and could only be cured by bleeding their patients; even if it killed them.

A genus of very small, bloodsucking sandflies of the family Psychodidae, many species of which are vectors of disease-causing organisms.

1. To puncture a vein for the purpose of withdrawing blood.
2. A needle puncture of a vein for the drawing of blood; also called, venepuncture, venesection, venipuncture, venisection, and venotomy.
3. The act or practice of opening a vein by incision or puncture to remove blood as a therapeutic treatment.

The Ancient Art of Bloodletting

The practice of bloodletting seemed logical when the foundation of all medical treatment was based on the four body humors: blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile. Health was thought to be restored by purging, starving, vomiting or bloodletting.

The art of bloodletting was practiced well before Hippocrates in the fifth century B.C. By the middle ages, both surgeons and barbers were specializing in this bloody practice. Barbers advertised with a red (for blood) and white (for tourniquet) striped pole. The pole itself represented the stick squeezed by the patient to dilate the veins and the bowls into which the blood flowed.

Bloodletting arrived in the U. S. on the Mayflower. The practice reached great heights in the 18th and early 19th centuries. The first U.S. president, George Washington, died from a throat infection in 1799 after being drained of nine pints of blood within 24 hours. The draining of 16-30 ounces (one to four pints) of blood was typical.

Blood was often caught in a shallow bowl. When the patient became faint, the "treatment" was stopped. Bleeding was often encouraged over large areas of the body by multiple incisions. By the end of the 19th century (1875-1900), phlebotomy was declared quackery because medical research proved such practices to be in incorrect.

The involuntary flow of blood toward or away from a stimulus; such as, heat.

Inflammation of the veins of the renal pelvis (area at the center of the kidney where urine collects and is funneled into the ureter).