hyper-, hyp-

An attempt to maximize gas mileage by making fuel-conserving adjustments to one’s car and one’s driving techniques; including, keeping the tires properly inflated to maximize gas mileage; removing the roof rack to streamline the car and reduce drag; turning the engine off rather than letting it idle at long stoplights.

Rather than aiming for good mileage or even great mileage, hypermilers seek to push their gas tanks to the limit and achieve hypermileage, exceeding EPA ratings for miles per gallon.

The term hypermiling (high" pur MIGHL ing) is "The Oxford University Press Word of the Year" for 2008.

1. An unusually exact or detailed memory, often correlated with certain mental illnesses: When Janet had her 50th birthday, she discovered that she could recall and recite the poem she had memorised in elementary school, and her friends thought she had a case of hypermnesia!
2. An abnormally vivid remembrance of impressions apparently long forgotten: Some people experience hypermnesia when in an extreme situation, as in a moment of great danger when drowning.
3. A capacity under hypnosis for immediate registration and a precise recall of many more individual things than is thought possible under ordinary circumstances: The study of patients in a condition of sleep, which had been produced by suggestion, showed that their memories were extremely vivid and complete, and therefore supporting the fact of hypermnesia.
4. An extreme retentiveness or unusual clarity of memory: Although Tom's mother was very old and severely sick, she evidently had hypermnesia and remembered the exact composition and date of the recital where her piano teacher played when she was in college.

A reference to or characterized by the ability to recall things to a greater than normal degree: Dr. Atherton was certainly impressed when Mrs. Smith, who was 92 years old, exhibited a hypermnestic memory of her childhood experiences including all the details of food, smells, games, friends, etc.

1. Unusual flexibility of the joints or greater than the normal range of motion in a joint, allowing them to be bent or moved beyond their normal range of motion.

Hypermobility is often misused to describe extra movements as seen in a contortionist.

2. Increased range of the movement of joints, joint laxity, occurring normally in young children or as a result of disease; such as, Marfan's syndrome (disorder of connective tissue of musculoskeletal system or abnormal length of the limbs; especially the fingers and the toes) or Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (disorder of the connective tissue; such as, joints that bend too easily into extensions).
3. Excessive joint play (movement) which permits increased mobility.

The area where two bones meet is called a joint and all joints have a cavity containing a small amount of synovial fluid, which allows for movement.

The attached tendons, muscles, ligaments, and joint capsules hold the joints in their correct positions.

Looseness of these supporting structures allows a joint to have extra motion and often, even normal activities that put stress on loose joints will irritate them.

Hypermobility syndrome may include congenital hip dislocations; scoliosis (curvature of the spine); elbow, kneecap and/or shoulder dislocations; or frequent ankle or wrist sprains.

Moving excessively or moving quickly in an abnormal way.

An increased sensitivity to sensory stimuli of the muscles, such as pain when touched: Alisa's leg stiffened when the physiotherapist touched it because of the hypermyesthesia that was caused by a pinched nerve.

Muscular hypertrophy or a condition of excessive muscular development.

The nasal quality heard in speech when an abnormal proportion of the airflow passes through the nasal cavity; as may happen in a cleft palate (roof of the mouth), following palatal paralysis, or as a result of surgery.

The palate is the roof of the mouth with the front portion being bony ("hard palate") and the back portion is muscular ("soft palate").

Someone who goes above and beyond the clouds.

A malignant kidney tumor that tends to produce no symptoms or signs until a relatively late stage; from a mistaken belief that the tumor arose from the adrenal gland above the kidney.

1. The semantic relation of belonging to a higher rank or class; for example, superordination.
2. A superordinate word or a word that is more generic than a given word.

A superordinate word is said to be an umbrella term: a word whose meaning encompasses the meaning of another more specific word; for example, "animal" is a superordinate of "dog"; in the relationship between "chair and furniture", "furniture" is a hypernym; in the relationship between "horse and animal", "animal" is a hypernym.

Also, someone or something that is superior: someone or something of superior rank, status, or class.

The excessive enlargement, overgrowth, or thickness of the finger and/or toe nails.

A person with hyperopia (a far-sighted person).

Farsightedness; the ability to see distant objects more clearly than close objects.

The excessive placing of inedible objects into the mouth.

This is a normal behavior in babies but in older people it may signify mental illness or dementia.