ad-
(Latin: prefix; to, toward, a direction toward, addition to, near, at; and changes to: ac-, af-, ag-, al-, an-, ap-, aq-, ar-, as-, at- when ad- is combined with certain words that begin with the letters c, f, g, l, n, p, q, r, s, and t)
The Latin element ad carries the idea of "in the direction of" and combines with many Latin words and roots to make common English words.
The form ad- appears in this form before a vowel and before the consonants d, h, j, m, and v. It is simplified to a- before sc, sp and st.
Before c, f, g, l, n, p, q, r, s, and t; ad- is changed to ac-, af-, ag-, al-, an-, ap-, aq-, ar-, as-, and at-.
In other words, the d of ad usually changes into the same letter as the first letter of the following root or word when it is a consonant: ad-fix becomes affix, and ad-sign becomes assign; therefore, making a double consonant.
Another example includes: attract as with ad-tract (drawn towards); so it has a double t. On the other hand when ad- precedes a vowel, as with adapt, it is simply ad-apt, with one d. For the same reason, there is only one d in adore and adumbrate, because ad- has combined with orare and umbra each of which starts with a vowel.
So, remember: since these Latin words begin with vowels and not consonants, the d of ad does not double as shown in the previous examples.
2. To inform, tell, notify, make known, communicate: "Mary and Richard have been advised that the roads are too icy for the trip that they were planning to take."
3. Giving an opinion or suggestion to someone about what should be done: "She advises the President on foreign affairs."
"Our lawyer is advising us about whether we should buy that house."
4. Etymology: from Old French avis, "opinion"; which came from Old French ce m'est à vis, "it seems to me"; or from Vulgar (common) Latin mi est visum, "in my view"; and originally from Latin ad-, "to" + visum; past participle of videre, "to see".2. The act of advocating, or speaking or writing, in support of something; such as, an idea, a cause, or policy and giving active support.
2. Someone who supports or speaks in favor of something or someone.
3. A lawyer who pleads cases in court.
4. To speak, to plead, or to argue in favor of something or someone.
2. To put or to add on; to append: "The salesman wanted her to affix her signature to the contract."
3. To impress (a seal or stamp).
4. To attach (blame, reproach, ridicule, etc.).
5. In grammar, a bound inflectional or derivational element; such as, a prefix, infix, or suffix, added to a base or stem to form a fresh stem or a different word; for example, the suffix, -ed added to "want" to form "wanted", or the prefix, im- added to "possible" to form "impossible".
To affix a poster to the wall is to fasten it to the wall.
2. Deliberately unfriendly behavior.
3. The act of initiating hostilities.
4. A disposition to behave aggressively.
5. A feeling of hostility that arouses thoughts of attack.
6. Threatening behavior or actions.
7. Hostile or destructive behavior or actions; especially, a physical attack against another person or hostile military action directed against another country or nation, often without provocation.
8. Any offensive activity, practice, etc.; such as, an aggression against personal liberty.
9. In psychology, a hostile or destructive mental attitude or behavior.
Aggression against another country is an approach toward it in a hostile manner.
10. Etymology: from ad-, "to" + gradi, gressus, "to step"; from gradus, "a step".2. To add an authorized signature to a bill, or an official agreement, as a final part of the ratification or agreement process.
3. To attach, or to fasten, a thing to something else.
4. Etymology: "to hang on; to attach, as a pendant", from Latin appendere "to cause to hang (from something), to weigh"; from ad-, "to" + pendere, "to hang".
It was previously called the vermiform appendix because it was thought to be "wormlike".
2. To send someone to work in a particular place or with a particular group of people.
3. To determine that someone or something has a particular quality, name, use, or category: "He was assigned a high employee rating based on his high attendance on the job."
4. To put a soldier or military unit under a particular command or assignment of duty.
5. To designate a value for a computer memory location corresponding to a named variable.
2. To wait on; minister to; to serve; such as, to serve as a doctor during an illness.
3. To accompany; to go with.
4. Etymology: "to direct one's mind or energies"; from Old French atendre, "to expect, to wait for, to pay attention"; from Latin attendere, "to give heed to"; literally, "to stretch toward"; from ad-, "to" + tendere, "to stretch".
