electro-, electr-, electri-

1. A record of the electric changes occurring in the vagus nerve: The technician, Mr. Jackson, studied the electrovagogram of the patient before conferring with Dr. Smith.

The vagogram shows how the vagus nerve supplies nerve fibers to the pharynx (throat), larynx (voice box), trachea (windpipe), lungs, heart, esophagus, and the intestinal tract as far as the transverse portion of the colon. This nerve also brings sensory information back to the brain from the ear, tongue, pharynx, and larynx.

2. Etymology: from Latin vagus, "wandering" and it is appropriate because the vagus nerve wanders all the way down from the brainstem to the colon, which is a long wandering way.

1. The ionic linkage between atoms in which each accepts or donates electrons so that every atom ends up with a completed electron shell.
2. The combining power of an element, measured by the number of electrons one atom of it acquires from or transfers to another atom during the formation of a chemical compound.
3. The number of electrons which an atom tends to lose or to accept by transfer in a chemical reaction.
4. The number of positive or negative charges that an atom acquires by transferring its electrons to another atom to form a compound.

This is the chemical bond that results from such a process; an ionic bond.

1. Relating to or a reference to an electrovalence or to an electrovalent bond or an ionic bond.
2. The number of charges an atom acquires in a chemical reaction by a gain or a loss of electrons and the bonding resulting from such a transfer of electrons.

1. A procedure for restoring normal, efficient rhythm to a heart with an irregular beat by passing an electric current through it.
2. The termination or ending of an arrhythmia (irregularity in the rhythm of the heartbeat) with a counter electric shock.
3. In extreme cases of paroxysmal tachycardia (a sudden, abnormal intensity and rapid beating of the heart), a procedure in which an electric shock is administered directly to a patient's heart while he or she is under a mild anesthetic.

To terminate an arrhythmia of the heart with a counter shock of electricity.

A massage that is performed with an electric vibrator.

1. A change in a liquid's viscosity (resistance of a fluid to flow) caused by a strong electrostatic field.
2. The change in viscosity of a liquid when placed in a strong electrostatic field.

The effect is very small and occurs only in polar liquids.

The theory that the functions of living organisms are dependent upon electricity or a related force.

One of the three basic forces of nature, along with the strong nuclear interaction and the gravitational interaction.

The terms "force" and "interaction between particles" are used interchangeably in this context.

All of the known forces; such as, atomic, nuclear, chemical, or mechanical forces, are examples of one of the three basic interactions.

To recover, as metals from their ores, by electrodeposition.

The extraction of electrolytic metal from a solution of molten salt or by electrochemical processes.

1. A natural or artificial alloy of gold with at least 20% silver, used to make the first known coins in the Western world.
2. Etymology: from Latin electrum, "amber"; from which the term electron is derived.

1. A method of condensation and polymerization in which a light mineral oil and fatty oil mixture is exposed to an electric discharge in a hydrogen atmosphere, yielding a viscous oil.
2. A process of condensation and polymerization in which a mixture of a relatively light mineral oil and a fatty oil is subjected to an electric discharge in an atmosphere of hydrogen.

The product is a very viscous oil (thick and sticky, reluctant to flow, and difficult to stir) used for blending with lighter lubricating oils.

1. A electrode placed in the esophagus: An esophageal electrode obtains electrocardiographic records from this region or used for electrical pacemaking.
2. A pill electrode that lodges in the esophagus at the level of the atrium: An esophageal pill electrode obtains electrograms and delivers pacing stimuli.

In electrodiagnosis, the electrode, usually small, placed nearest to the site of the bioelectric activity being recorded.

It determines the potential in only that localized area.