-bust, -ust, -bur; bust-, bur-, ur- +

1. Scorched, burned; dried out by heat or excessive exposure to sunlight: "We saw this vast desert all adust." 2. Affected by excess bodily heat; hence, displaying signs of dehydration.

Adust came from Latin adustus, the past participle of adurere, "to set fire to; a verb formed from the Latin prefix ad-, "to, a direction toward" and the verb urere, "to burn".

It entered the English language in the early 15th century as a medical term related to the four bodily humors: black bile, blood, phlegm, and yellow bile; all of which were believed at the time to determine a person's health and temperament.

Adust was used to describe a condition of the humors in which they supposedly became heated or combusted. Adust (heated) black bile in particular was believed to be a source of melancholy (a tendency to be gloomy and depressed).

1. The act of burning, or heating to dryness or the state of being heated or dried.
2. In surgery, cauterization.

1. The state or quality of being adust; that is, having a burnt or a scorched color.
2. Filled with glum or melancholy.
3. In medicine, having much heat in the constitution and little serum in the blood; therefore, gloomy; sallow (having a pale, sickly color or tinged with yellow; as, a sallow skin).

A technology that extracts heat energy from natural materials so it can then be used for a variety of heat and power applications.

To burn; especially, to burn up.

1. Something that burns; such as, the comburence of a gas is defined as the number of volumes of air required for a perfect combustion, as distinguished from combustible.
2. Etymology: from Latin comburere, "to burn up, to consume".

A substance that burns or which aids combustion; specifically, a supporter of combustion.

An apparatus for determining the proportion of air required for the ideal combustion of gas.

Consuming by combustion; such as, the comburivorous power of a gas.

A gas that burns, including the fuel gases, hydrocarbon, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, or any mixture of such gases.

A loss of heat that occurs when fuel does not complete the combustion process or, in other words, because of the incomplete combustion of a fuel.

An impure coal which indicates a transitional level between cannel coal (an oily compact coal, with a greasy luster, which burns easily, steadily, and brightly) and oil shale.

Describing a material that can be burned; specifically, a description of a material which is relatively difficult to ignite and slow to burn, as contrasted with flammable material that burns relatively easily.

1. The process of burning gas, liquid, or a solid, in which the fuel is oxidized, producing heat, and/or work, and often light.
2. A chemical change; especially, oxidation, accompanied by the production of heat and light.
3. Violent anger or agitation: "Combustion within the populace slowly built up to the point of revolution."
4. Burning; consumption by fire; the development of light and heat from the chemical combination of a substance with oxygen.
5. Etymology: from Latin combustus, past participle of comburere, "to burn up"; from urere "to burn".

Combustion includes thermal, hydrodynamic, and chemical processes. It starts with the mixing of fuel and an oxidant, and sometimes in the presence of other species or catalyst.

The combustion products include heat, light, chemical species, pollutants, mechanical work, and plasma.

An instrument used to measure the efficiency of a combustion process; such as, by measuring levels of carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, or sulfur dioxide.