chrono-, chron-

A sexual perversion in which sexual satisfaction depends on the age of the partner, usually the partner is of a significantly different age than the subject ("chronophilic disparity"): Chronophilia includes "ephebophilia" (adolescents are the sexual object), "gerontophilia" (the partner must be older, of parental or grandparental age), "nepiophilia" (infants), and "pedophilia" (juveniles).

Discomfort concerning the duration or immensity of time: Chronophobia is a common psycho-neurosis and anxiety of prison inmates and is also known as "stir crazy" by them.

Since chronophobia is considered the most common psychiatric disorder in prison inmates, sooner or later almost all prisoners suffer from it to some degree and it occurs in every potential neurotic who goes to prison.

After the novelty of prison has worn off and the real length of the sentence is felt, chronophobia sets in and the prisoner may go into a panic, usually while in his cell, and fears his enclosure and restraint, but this apparent claustrophobia arises from fear of time, as represented by the prison.

Following early anxieties, the chronophobia of the prisoner may become essentially a phlegmatic, indifferent automaton who serves the rest of his sentence by the clock and lives wholly in the present, one day at a time.

Chronophobia is characterized by panic, anxiety, and claustrophobia which is exhibited by prisoners having difficulty adjusting to long prison sentences.

One photograph of a series taken at regular intervals: Chronophotographs are important for showing successive phases of a motion.

An early term for cinematic photography: Chronophotography is an old-fashioned photographic method, dating back to the Victorian era, that captures motion in many frames of print.

An instrument for observing and the precise measuring of minute time intervals of extremely brief periods of time: A chronoscope is an electronic device used for measuring extremely short intervals of time, such as the time it takes for a rifle bullet to pass between two points.

A reference to an optical instrument that measures precise intervals of very small time sequences: A chronoscopic is an electronic device that accurately monitors very brief periods of time, such as in determining the velocity of projectiles.

The process of measuring very short periods of time by using a chronoscope: With the method of chronoscopy, observations and exact measurements of short-lived occurrences can be determined.

Referring to the intervals of time with a fixed significance: Chronosemic periods of time can be used in systems of signaling, or by exposing visual objects or sounding audible signals for selected phases of time.

A collection of interbreeding populations that are reproductively isolated from other such groups by time: A chronospecies changes physically, genetically, and/or in behavior over time from an early to a later point in time and so they cannot be classified as the same species even if they had already existed at the same point in time.

An instrument formerly used for the study of the rhythms of the pulse: Jane read in her grandfather's medical book that a chronosphygmograph was used by doctors for determining the throbbing or beating rhythm of a patient's pulse.

The study of geologic history based on the age of rock strata (layers arranged one on top of another) and their time sequences: Chronostratigraphy is the branch of stratigraphy that deals with the ages of rock strata in comparison to time.

Chronostratigraphy is a system of dividing geological time into eras, periods, epochs, and ages.

Distortion or confusion of the sense of time: After waking up from her coma, Jane had a case of chronotaraxis regarding the date or the season of the year. She didn't know the time of day either.

Chronotaraxis is also exemplified by an over-estimation or underestimation of the duration of time.

1. A reference to the treatment of certain sleep disorders by capitalizing on the natural phase delay in adults: One kind of chronotherapeutic cure for a sleep disturbance is when bedtime is successively advanced by one to several hours each day until the individual can retire, sleep, and arise at appropriate times.

2. A descriptive term referring to the treatment of a sleep disorder, such as insomnia: A chronotherapeutic remedy of an irritating sleeping difficulty is by by changing a person's sleeping and waking times in an attempt to reset the patient's biological clock.
, 3. Referring to the administration of medication in coordination with the body's circadian rhythms (biological activities that occur during a 24-hour interval) to maximize effectiveness of treatment and to minimize any side effects: The chronotherapeutic spray for Jill's throat that Dr. Smart gave her proved to be very helpful and had absolutely no bad consequences for the following day.

1. Treatments of diseases that work in harmony with the body's natural time rhythms: One cure regarding chronotherapy relates to drugs given to patients at the optimum time in their day cycle of the cell growth of the illness.
2. The coordination of biological rhythms (chronobiology) with medical treatment: Chronotherapy includes a person's biological rhythms in determining the timing and sometimes the amount of medication in order to optimize a drug's desired effects and to minimize the undesired ones.

Relating to time and temperature: The chronothermal factor is related to the superposition principle.