tropho-, troph-, -trophy, -trophs, -trophically, -trophic, -trophous

1. Progressive degeneration of a body tissue; such as, muscle, caused by inadequate nourishment of the affected part, as a result of some unknown cause.
2. A condition in which pond or lake water is unable to support much plant or animal life because of an excessive amount of humus content.
3. In medicine, a degenerative, faulty, or inadequate nutrition or development.
4. In pathology, any of a number of disorders characterized by weakening, degeneration; especially, muscular dystrophy, in which the muscles weaken and atrophy.

1. Refers to fungi that grow on the surface covering of roots.
2. Describes an organism that gets its nutrients from the outside surface of its host.

1. The nutrient material, composed chiefly of secretions from the uterine glands, degenerating uterine tissue, and substances in the maternal blood, that nourishes a mammalian embryo prior to the formation of the placenta.
2. The nutritive material that is supplied the embryo of a placental mammal during development.

1. A reference to fungi that grow within roots.
2. Nourished or receiving nourishment from within; for example, fungi or their hyphae receiving nourishment from plant roots in a mycorrhizal association.

1. A normal condition of nutrition and health, with regular development of the total organism.
3. In ecology, with reference to lakes or ponds, characterized by an abundant accumulation of nutrients that support a dense growth of algae and other organisms, the decay of which depletes the shallow waters of oxygen in summer: "Eutrophic waters (lakes or ponds) are rich in mineral and organic nutrients which promote a proliferation of plant life; especially, algae, that reduces the dissolved oxygen content and often causes the extinction of other organisms."

1. In medicine, relating to, characterized by, or promoting good nutrition.
2, In ecology, referring to a lake or other body of water, containing a rich supply of plant nutrients and characterized by seasonal periods of oxygen deficiency because of the excessive growth of algae.

The process of increasing the amount of elements; especially, nitrogen and phosphorous, in a marine or aquatic ecosystem and the pollution from such sources as sewage effluent or leachate from fertilized fields causes a lake, or pond to become over-rich in organic and mineral nutrients, so that algae and cyanobacteria grow rapidly and deplete the oxygen supply:

"When water regions eutrophicate, they change in many ways: oxygen disappears from the deep places in water regions first."

"When nutrients from the bottom are set free into the water, eutrophicating speeds up and because the content of nutrients is rising, the alqae begins to bloom."

"Since eutrophicating in water regions in their natural state are decreasing, then biological multiplicity decreases, water regions are getting polluted, and the quality of the environment is getting worse."

1. The process by which a body of water becomes rich in dissolved nutrients from fertilizers or sewage, thereby encouraging the growth and decomposition of oxygen-depleting plant life and resulting in harm to other organisms: "Aquaculture has been resulting in small, but expanding into locally significant emissions of nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) into the Baltic Sea, contributing to eutrophication."
2. Having waters (lakes and/or ponds) rich in mineral and organic nutrients that promote a proliferation of plant life; especially, algae, which reduces the dissolved oxygen content and often causes the extinction of other organisms: "Agricultural fertilizers and many commercial detergents are rich in phosphorus and the pollution of a lake with the addition of more phosphorus to its waters first produces a green scum of algal growth on the surface of the lake and then, if the pollution continues, it proceeds to kill the lake."

"After the initial bloom of rapid algal growth, aging algae die, and then the bacteria feeding on the dead algae cells use up so much of the lake's dissolved oxygen that fish and invertebrate animals suffocate."

1. In medicine, healthy or adequate nutrition or development; being well nourished.
2. With reference to lakes and ponds, a state of being over-rich in organic and mineral nutrients which promote plant life at the expense of animal life.
3. A process of becoming eutrophic, especially because of pollution.

1. A reference to fungi that grow on the outside of the roots.
2. Nourished or receiving nourishment from external parts.

A reference to a principle in the extracts of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland that antagonises the action of insulin and causes hyperglycemia/hyperglycaemia.

Atrophy of one side of the body or of one half of an organ or part.

Hemiatrophy has been reported in association with a variety of neurologic conditions, including parkinsonism. Patients with the hemiparkinson-hemiatrophy syndrome (HP-HA) have asymmetric parkinsonism with limb atrophy on the more affected side.

Underdevelopment of one lateral half of the body.

Muscular or osseous hypertrophy of one side of the face or body.

Any disease or abnormal condition of the blood and hemopoietic tissues, exclusive of simple transitory changes.