-omics, -ome, -omes

(Greek: said to be a stem for "all, every, whole", or "complete"; that is, a field of study in biology that refers to the whole set of omics including their -omics and -ome subfields in order to understand life as a holistic existence and organic beings as a whole)

Bioinformatists and molecular biologists are thought to be among the first scientists to start to apply the -ome suffix in several scientific areas.

Bioinformatics is an information science that analyzes life processes using computational tools for solving biological problems and to give direction or an overview in biology.

Ome and omics are convenient ways to describe a holistic way of looking at complex systems. In the mid 1990's bioinformatists started realizing the convenience of -omics and used terms for many fields; such as, metabolome, textome, interactome, bacteriome, eukaryome, functome, patentome, neurome and so on.

Omics was coined by scientists to present the realization of the importance of information processing in biology that was proposed by many biologists and as such, it was made possible by the development of personal computers and personal computer operating systems; such as, Windows, Linux, and Apple.

proteomics (plural form used in the singular) (noun)
1. The comprehensive analysis of the identity, interactions and locations of proteins within a cell: "Targeted proteomics refers to the detection, quantification and characterization of specific proteins of interest in biological samples."
2. The analysis of the expression, localization, functions, and interactions of the proteins produced by the genes of an organism: "Proteomics involves the qualitative and quantitative study of the proteome (complete set of proteins produced from the information encoded in a genome) under various conditions, including protein expression, modification, localization, and function; as a means of understanding various biological processes."

"Proteomics aims to work out the differences in protein action between diseased cells and healthy ones."

"One objective of proteomics is to find chemical markers to determine what’s going wrong when disease strikes and to diagnose disorders; another, is to find methods of gene therapy that will cure the problems at the level of the DNA in human genes."

"The term proteomics was coined in 1994 by Marc Wilkins, Professor in the School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences at the University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; who defined it as 'the study of proteins, how they're modified, when and where they're expressed, how they're involved in metabolic pathways and how they interact with one another.' "

regulome
The whole set of regulation components in a cell.

Those components can be genes, proteins, and metabolites and includes the interplay of regulatory effects between these components, and their dependence on variables; such as, subcellular localization, tissue, developmental stage, and the pathological state.

regulomics
Transcription factors and other molecules involved in the regulation of gene expressions.

The transcription factor is a protein that binds to specific DNA sequences, and so controlling the movement (or transcription) of genetic information.

secretome
1. The entirety of product types secreted by a cell, parasite, or other entity.
2. The rich, complex set of molecules secreted from living cells including molecules shed from the surface of living cells.
3. That part of a proteome (set of proteins encoded by a particular genome) consisting of proteins secreted from a cell.
secretomics
The study of secreted proteins actively exported from cells.
speechome
A reference to human speech components; such as, phoneme (a group of slightly different sounds which are all perceived to have the same function by speakers of the language or dialect in question) which is the smallest contrastive unit in the sound system of a language.

Speechome is not the same as other common biological -omes; such as, genome, proteome, and expressome in that it is not biological; but speechome shows the omics trend that is going on with biology and science in general.

speechomics
The study of language acquisition and the study of human speech patterns.
spliceome
transcriptome
A branch of molecular biology that deals with the study of messenger RNA molecules produced in an individual or population of a particular cell type.

The transcriptomes of stem cells and cancer cells are of special interest to researchers who are striving to understand the processes of cellular differentiations (a process in which a less specialized cell becomes a more specialized cell type) and carcinogenesis (a process in which normal cells are transformed into cancer cells).

transcriptomics (pl) (noun) (used as a singular)
The study of RNA (ribonucleic acid) changes that occur under different circumstances as a result of different patterns of gene expression.

RNA, or ribonucleic acid, consists of a cellular substance that represents a copy of DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, and directs the formation of new proteins inside the cells.

DNA regulates the activities of the cell according to its sequence or arrangement into genes on each chromosome. The DNA sequence resembles a series of codes which when passed out of the nucleus to the rest of the cell, directs the activities of the cell; such as, cell division and the synthesis of proteins.