carbo-, carb-

An organic compound present in the cells of all living organisms and a major organic nutrient for human beings; it consists of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, and makes up sugar, starch, and cellulose.

Carbohydrates are made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of approximately one carbon, two hydrogen, and one oxygen.

Sugar, starch, and cellulose constitute the carbohydrates. Sugars are classified according to whether or not they can be decomposed in a water solution.

Simple sugars or monosaccarides cannot be so decomposed; complex sugars or polysaccarides can be broken down by water or hydrolysis. The most common simple sugars are glucose and fructose. See saccharo- for more details.

Glucose is also called dextrose, and fructose is also known as levulose. The common white commercial sugar is sucrose, which is a disaccharide or double sugar; a combination, actually, of a glucose and a fructose molecule.

Pertaining to, containing, or composed of, carbon; like coal: Lance's father was in a group of scientists who found a piece of carbonaceous asteroid and they were beyond being excited!

Teachers used to use paper impregnated with a carbonaceous substance to make copies of exercise sheets for their students.

To convert into a nonmetallic element or charcoal: During the forest fire, the trees were carbonized and burned up by the extremely hot temperatures of the flames.

Regarding deposits with combustion residues: Such carboraceous matter include those containing lead or lead composites.

1. A multiple-headed boil.
2. A group of boils is known as a carbuncle.
3. A red gemstone, especially a garnet, which is smoothly rounded and polished.
4. Etymology: from Old French charbu(n)cle and Latin carbunculus, "small coal"(carbon- "coal").