  | 
Oman | 
 Arabic (official); also English and Indian languages | 
  | 
Pakistan | 
 Punjabi 48%, Sindhi 12%, Siraiki (a Punjabi variant) 10%, Pashtu 8%, Urdu (official) 8%, Balochi 3%, Hindko 2%, Brahui 1%, English, Burushaski, and others | 
  | 
Palau | 
 Palauan, English (official) | 
  | 
Palestinian State (proposed) | 
 Arabic, Hebrew, English, French | 
  | 
Panama | 
 Spanish (official); many bilingual in English | 
  | 
Papua New Guinea | 
 English, Tok Pisin (a Melanesian Creole English), Hiri Motu, and 717 distinct native languages | 
  | 
Paraguay | 
 Spanish (official), Guaraní | 
  | 
Peru | 
 Spanish and Quéchua (both official), Aymara, and other native languages | 
  | 
Philippines | 
 Filipino (based on Tagalog) and English (both official); regional languages: Tagalog, Ilocano, Cebuano, others | 
  | 
Pitcairn | 
 English | 
  | 
Poland | 
 Polish | 
  | 
Portugal | 
 Portuguese | 
  | 
Puerto Rico, Commonwealth of | 
Spanish, English | 
  | 
Qatar | 
 Arabic (official); English is also widely spoken | 
  | 
Romania | 
 Romanian (official); Hungarian- and German-speaking minorities | 
  | 
Russian Federation and Republic flags | 
 Russian, others | 
  | 
Rwanda | 
 Kinyarwanda, French, and English (all official) |