foren-, fore-
(Latin: forensis of a forum, place of assembly; public, public speaking; foras, foranus, outside, residing outside, out of doors)
2. The investigation of materials, products, structures or components that break down or do not operate or function as intended: The purpose of forensic engineering is to locate the cause or causes of failure with the objective of improving the performances of the various parts of the equipment.
Medicolegal forensic entomology includes arthropod involvement (mostly necrophagous or corpse-eating) involving events such as murder, suicide and rape, but also includes physical abuse and contraband trafficking.
In murder investigations, it is concerned with where and when insects lay eggs; and in what order they appear in dead bodies. This can be helpful in determining the time or post mortem interval and location of the death being investigated.
Forensic genetics is also a branch of forensic medicine which more broadly investigates the application of medical knowledge that were applicable to legal matters.
This is not a new field. Long before the era of DNA fingerprinting investigators used blood grouping, HLA typing, and other tests of genetic markers in blood to try to determine who did it (and, more often, who did not do it).
This is done by acquiring local weather reports, radar and satellite images, and eyewitness accounts.
Forensic meteorology is most often used in court cases for use by insurance companies or for a murder investigation.
The forensic pathologist performs autopsies to determine the cause of a death, such as examining a bullet wound to the head, exsanguination, strangulation, etc. and the manner of a death (including homicide, accident, natural, or suicide).
Forensic pathologists also work closely with the coroner (England and Wales) or medical examiner (United States). The examination of dead bodies (autopsy or post mortem) is a subset of anatomical pathology.
Forensic pathologists are often also known as forensic medical examiners or police surgeons.
2. Psychiatry in its legal aspects including criminology, penology, commitment of mentally ill, the psychiatrist's role in compensation cases, the problems of releasing information to the court, and of expert testimony.
Many toxic substances do not produce characteristic lesions, so if a toxic reaction is suspected, visual investigation may not provide an adequate deduction.
A forensic toxicologist must consider the context of an investigation, in particular any physical symptoms recorded, and any evidence collected at a crime scene that may narrow the search; such as, pill bottles, powders, trace residue, and any available chemicals.
Provided with this information and samples with which to work, the forensic toxicologist must determine which toxic substances are present, in what concentrations, and the probable effect of those chemicals on the human subject being investigated.
This may be in relation to a crime or to a civil action.
2. Of or belonging to a court of law; judcial.In 1659, it was a shortened form of an earlier forensical.
3. The art or study of formal debate; argumentation; rhetorical.2. Something that resembles a large, dense growth of trees, as in density, quantity, or profusion: "New York is a forest of skyscrapers."
3. A defined area of land formerly set aside in England as a royal hunting ground.
4. Usually considered a learned borrowing from Late and Medieval Latin forestem silvam, the "outside woods".
The sense is generally taken to refer to "the woods lying outside the walls of a park, those that are not fenced in", from Latin foris, "outside"; literally, "out of doors", from a lost noun fora, related to foris "door", and altered from fura.
Forest originally meant "the forest depending on the king's court of justice". Middle Latin forestis derives from Latin forum, "pubic place", used in its Middle Latin sense "court of justice".
