-ation, -ization (-iz[e] + -ation); -isation (British spelling variation)

1. In absorption spectroscopy, the measurement of changes in the transmittance or reflectance of a sample solution induced by an externally applied electric field.
2. The process of modulation spectroscopy in which changes are measured during the transmission or the reflection spectra produced by modifying an electric field.

1. A configuration that shows the way in which the electrons in an atom occupy, in order of increasing energy, the available orbitals and spin states.
2. The orbital arrangement of an atom's electrons.

Negatively charged electrons are attracted to a positively charged nucleus to form an atom or an ion.

3. The arrangement of electrons in an atom, molecule, or other physical structure; such as, a crystal.
4. The specific distribution of electrons in atomic orbitals of atoms or or ions.

1. A procedure in which a pilot uses electronic countermeasures to penetrate an area that is monitored by radar.

The process is designed to determine the effectiveness of both radar and aircraft.

2. A mutual evaluation of radar and aircraft, with the aircraft trying to penetrate the radar's area of coverage in an electronic countermeasure environment.

1. An integrated multicolor map display of an airplane's position combined with a color weather radar display, plus a scale selected by the pilot, together with information on wind directions and velocities, horizontal situations, and deviation from the planned vertical path.
2. An instrument which may display bearing and distance to a navigation aid, magnetic heading, track/course and track/course deviation.
3. An electronically generated display that provides a basic horizontal view of the aircraft's navigation picture.
4. A combination instrument which shows a pilot the actual coarse, as compared to the intended coarse, and the relationship of the aircraft to the glide slope.

When a digit number is painlessly planted under an animal's skin and can be picked up by scanners at pet shelters in order to identify a stolen or lost pet.

1. The use of electronic aids to determine the position and to direct the course of a craft; such as, aircraft or water craft.
2. Navigation by means of any electronic device or instrument.
3. A means of determining a geographical position using electronic instruments, principally satellite navigation equipment.

1. The ionic energy (in the form of charged atoms) that an electron exhibits in the presence of an electric field.
2. Polarization arising from the displacement of electrons with respect to the nuclei with which they are associated, upon application of an external electric field.

1. The electrical stimulation of the phrenic nerve, and is used to provide respiration or breathing for patients who have been paralyzed by an acute bulbar poliomyelitis (a severe form of viral disease affecting the medulla oblongata, which may result in a dysfunction of the swallowing mechanism, normal breathing, and circulatory distress).
2. An artificial respiration in which the nerves that control breathing are stimulated electrically through correctly placed electrodes.

3. An application of intermittent electrical stimuli to cutaneous electrodes over the phrenic nerves in the neck to rhythmically stimulate respiration or proper breathing.

The technique is used in patients whose respiratory center has been damaged.

1. The use of electric current to stimulate a tissue; such as, muscle, nerve, or bone.

In the latter case, the stimulation is used experimentally to facilitate and to hasten the healing of fractures.

2. The application of electric current to stimulate bone or muscle tissue for therapeutic purposes; such as, the facilitation of muscle activation and muscle strengthening.

1. The height to which something becomes higher or rises: When there is a strong storm the elevation of a river can exceed its limits and flood the whole area, even covering residential areas and causing severe damage.
2. The altitude of a place above sea level or ground level: The map showed the town in Germany to have an elevation of 350 meters, which was high enough to have some snow in the winter season.
3. A drawing or graphic representation that represents an object or structure as being produced geometrically on a vertical plane parallel to one of its sides: The client had approved the architect’s floor plans, so they could now start to work on the elevations to confirm the vertical alignments with the other nearby buildings.

Architects typically look at various options in the elevation of construction in order to review how the vertical alignments and proportions of the proposed building will work with the overall designs of neighboring structures.

4. The ability of a dancer to stay in the air while executing a step or the height attained: In ballet, Harry had the most outstancing talent because of his abilities to achieve extraordinary elevations during his performances.

1. The process of getting rid of something that is not wanted or needed anymore.
2. The bodily process of discharging waste matter.
3. A game, bout, or match in a tournament in which an individual or team is eliminated from the competition after a defeat.
4. To wipe out someone or something; especially, by using drastic methods including banishment or execution; such as, eliminated all opposition; eradicate guerrilla activity; liquidating traitors; purged the army of dissidents.

1. The movement of soil material from one place to another within the soil, when there is an excess of rainfall that is much greater than evaporation: Eluviation may take place downward or sidewards depending on the water movements.
2. The translocation of suspended or dissolved soil material that exists as a result of the action of water: When nature causes the removal of substances with water, they are termed leaching liquids. That means that they are dissolved by passing out by means of percolating or passing through porous substances or small holes, however eluviation differs from leaching in that it affects suspended, not dissolved, material and it usually results only in the movement of the material from one soil height to a different level.

1. Something that issues, is sent out, or given out from someone, something, or somewhere.
2. Any substance that flows out or is emitted from a source or origin.
3. The radiation from a radioactive element.
4. Etymology: from Latin emanare, "to flow from" or "to pour forth or out of".

1. The act or an instance of setting free: After growing up in a conservative environment with her parents, Mary’s emancipation resulted in moving away from home, getting a job in another city, and living her own life as she desired.
2. The condition of being liberated: Emancipation was the only thought Jane had when she discovered her life being filled with household chores, with no contacts with her former friends, and no income of her own.
3. Etymology: the e is a short form of ex-, "out of"; man in this case is a short form of manus, "hand"; while cip is the root of "to take"; and tion is a suffix that is used to make a noun of a verb form: therefore, emancipation is "the act of taking out of the hand"; hence, "the act of setting free".