-ial

Free of or without microorganisms: After Mary's wound was cleaned by her doctor, it was considered to be an abacterial injury, so it seemed to be in the process of healing very well.

Descriptive of that which is nearest to or facing toward the axis of an organ or organism: The top part of a leaf is known as the adaxial side or surface.

Am abaxial plant part is on the side of a plant and faces toward the the axis.

Pertaining to how a word modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb: The adverbial term in this sentence is "very": This is a very beautiful dress." The adverb "very" intensifies the adjective "beautiful".

An adverb that modifies a verb answers any of four questions: "Where?", "When?", "In what manner?", and "To what extent?"

An adverb that modifies an adjective or another adverb, answers "To what extent?" When an adverb functions in this second manner, it is often called an "intensifier" because it increases or decreases the intensity of the adjective or the adverb it modifies.

1. A reference to something that involves aircraft: The invading country made uncountable aerial attacks on buildings and on the civilians.
2. Relating to something that lives, happens, or moves in the air: From their spot on the shore, Jill and Mark watched the seagulls swirling around like in an aerial presentation for the tourists!.
3. Consisting of, typical of, or relating to the air: Jane was interested in taking some aerial photos and videos of her town for her next oral assignment in her class at school.
4. Regarding the part of a plant thriving above ground: Mr. Thompson showed his students some plants that had aerial roots which were not growing in the ground, but in the air above the soil.

Pertaining to a word element, such as a "prefix" or a "suffix", that is connected to a base, stem, or root of a word: Susan added the affixial "im", or prefix, to the term "perfect" in order to have the expression "imperfect" which became completely opposite of the original meaning of "perfect".

Referring to something inhabiting the fields or open country; wild: Agrestial flowers, like poppies, thrived next to the cultivated land that Mr. Plant owned and worked on.

1. Relating to or consisting of any material that has been carried or deposited by running water: The result of the soil being washed away by water may result in an alluvial valley or an alluvial deposit, all of which consist of earth and sand that has been left by rivers, floods, etc.

The most alluvial deposits that have ever been recorded in Fred's community took place recently during the severe flooding.

2. Etymology: borrowed from Medieval Latin alluvium, alluvius, "washed against", from Latin alluere, "to wash against"; from al-, a form of ad- before l, "to, against", + -luere, a combining form of lavere, "to wash".

An underground water supply which comes from porous rock, sand, gravel, etc.: The alluvial aquifer provided the community with ground water that made it possible for their wells and springs to continue functioning.

A sedimentary deposit (fragments of material) built up by an overloaded stream that is obstructing the stream channel: The alluvial dam of soil composed of sand, silt, and clay were blocking the flow of water.

1. Referring to hatchlings that are naked and blind and dependent on their parents for food: Altricial birds are born blind, usually without feathers, and very helpless for some time after hatching.

Common song birds are classified as altricial species.

2. Designating those animals whose young are helpless and immature at birth, thus requiring prolonged parental care and food provision: Marsupials, rodents, and carnivores are all identified as altricial animals.

"Marsupials" are mammals that have pouches in which the females nurse and carry their incompletely developed altricial newly born and include kangaroos, opossums, and wombats.

"Rodents" are comprised of rats, mice, squirrels, porcupines, and beavers; all of which produce altricial infants.

The animals known as "carnivores" feed primarily on flesh, or meat, and include predators and scavengers; such as, cats, dogs, lions, tigers, bears, and seals. All of these animals give birth to altricial babies.

3. Etymology: from Latin altrix, altric-; feminine of altor, "nourisher"; from alere, "to nourish, to feed".

1. Relating to, or involving, money or finance: Mr. Zimmerman was the financial manager for several performing artists.
2. Pertaining to public revenue; such as, fiscal concerns or operations: The end of the financial year for the city was June when all the bookkeeping would be audited.
3. Referring to monetary receipts and expenditures; or relating to fund matters: Lady Gregory enjoyed gossiping about the financial affairs of her neighbors but was embarrassed to use the word "money" in her conversations.
4. A descriptive term for those who are commonly engaged in dealing with legal tender and credit: Jonathan was a financial manager for the investment company where he was employed.

1. A reference to the production of goods; especially, those made in factories.
2. Relating to factories, the people who work in factories, or the things made in factories: "Steve is an industrial engineer who is researching thousands of industrial uses for plastic."
3. Having developed numerous factories which are actively making products: "China has become a major industrial nation."
4. A descriptive term for groups of productive organizations that produce or supply goods, services, or sources of income.

Referring to a regulation or an administration: Susan was surprised when the director of the company gave her a managerial job, which required about the same performance as the supervisor.