The anatomical components involved include the external nose and nasal cavity, the oral cavity and pharynx, paranasal sinuses, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, and thoracic cavity; as well as, the muscles related to their activities or functions.
Introduced by the British Association for the Advancement of Science in 1874, it was the system commonly used in science for many years, until eventually replaced with the MKS system (meter-kilogram-second system) and then the International System of Units (SI).
DSS's are expected to become more important as the TV and computer converge into a single medium for information and entertainment.
2. A rocket engine in which the propellant is accelerated by some electric device.
2. The circuitry applied to many electrical devices, in which electric energy is generated, transmitted, transformed, and distributed in the form of heat or as a driving force to other motor-controlled systems.
2. All of the conductors and electricity that use devices which are connected to a source of electromotive force or generator.
3. The equipment in a motor vehicle that provides electricity to start the engine and to ignite the fuel, to operate the lights, the windshield wipers, the heater, the air conditioner, and the radio.
The Navy plans to install the Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System on the USS Gerald R. Ford, a next-generation aircraft carrier scheduled to go into service in 2015.
The Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System technology is designed to handle newer, heavier, and faster aircraft than the traditional steam catapults, the Navy says.
The Navy says EMALS will provide "higher launch energy capacity;" improvements in system weight, maintenance, and efficiency; and greater accuracy of end-speed control and smooth acceleration at both high and low speeds".
The Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System is a multimegawatt electric power system involving generators, energy storage, power conversion, a 100,000 hp electric motor, and an advanced technology closed loop control system with diagnostic health monitoring.
This technology reduces stress on airframes because they can be accelerated more gradually to a takeoff speed than steam-powered catapults.
Units in the system are usually presented with the prefix ab-; such as, abampere, abvolt, etc.
2. A centimeter-gram-second system of electric and magnetic units in which the unit of current is defined as the current which, if maintained in two straight parallel wires having infinite length and being one centimeter apart in vacuum, would produce between these conductors a force of two dynes (units of force) per centimeter of length.Other units are derived from this definition by assigning unit coefficients in equations relating electric and magnetic quantities.
It is also involved in the light reaction of photosynthesis.
2. The components of the final sequence of reactions in biological oxidations.They are composed of a series of oxidizing agents arranged in an order of increasing strength and terminating in oxygen.
2. A method used for data processing by means of machines using electronic circuitry at electronic speed, as opposed to electromechanical equipment.
3. Any machine or group of automatically intercommunicating machines that are capable of entering, receiving, sorting, classifying, computing and/or recording alphabetical or numerical accounting or statistical data without the use of tabulating cards.
2. Electronic banking transactions conducted through computerized systems; such as, electronic funds transfer by automated-teller machines, intended to speed operations, to reduce costs, etc.
A customer inserts a magnetically encoded plastic card into the terminal, and then presses the appropriate keys to make deposits or withdrawals, transfer money to pay bills, and even to borrow money.
Such financial exchanges are dependent wholly or in a large part on the use of electronics.
2. A telephone switching system which uses a computer with a storage-containing program switching logic, whose output actuates switches that set up telephone connections which perform most telephone central office switching functions automatically.
Electronic switching systems permit custom-calling services; such as, speed dialing, call transfer, and three-way calling.
3. The use of electronic circuits to perform the functions of a high-speed switch.2. In cartography, a set of map coordinates which define the position of a point with respect to the center of the Earth: In class, Mr. Smart asked the students to study the geocentric coordinate system and to measure the different geocentric distances from given points.
The geographic information system is an organized collection of computer hardware, software, geographic data, and personnel designed to efficiently capture, store, update, manipulate, analyze, and display all forms of geographically referenced information which can be drawn from different sources, both statistical and mapped.
Geographic information systems are computer programs linking features commonly seen on maps, such as roads, town boundaries, and water bodies, with related information not usually presented on maps, for example, type of road surface, population, type of agriculture, type of vegetation, or water quality information.
The GIS is a unique information system in which individual observations can be spatially referenced to each other.
The geographic information system is a technology that is used to view and analyze data from a geographic perspective. The technology is a piece of an organization's overall information system framework.
The GIS links locations to information, such as people to addresses, buildings to parcels of land, or streets within a network, and layers that information to give a better understanding of how it all interrelates. The user can then choose which layers to combine based on his/her purpose.
There's more information at the Geographic Information System (GIS): Index
A2. A computerized system which relates and displays data collected from a geographic entityto in the form of a map: A geographical information system overlays existing data with new information and displays it in color on a computer screen. It is used primarily to conduct analyses and make decisions related to geology, ecology, land use, demographics, transportation, and other domains, most of which relate to the human use of the physical environment.
Through this process of geocoding, the geographic data from a database is converted into images in the form of maps.
2. A satellite-based radio navigation system run by the U.S. Department of Defense.
It was designed so that signals from four satellites would be available at any point on the earth. By triangulation of these signals, a receiving unit can pinpoint its current location (longitude and latitude) as well as altitude to within 20 meters. The first GPS satellite was launched in 1978.
The parasympathetic nervous system, together with the sympathetic nervous system, constitutes the autonomic nervous system.
The autonomic nervous system is the part of the nervous system which regulates key involuntary functions of the body, including the activity of the heart muscle; the smooth muscles, including the muscles of the intestinal tract; and the glands.
The SPS system, or solar power satellite system, would have a huge array of solar cells that would generate electrical power to be beamed to earth in the form of microwave energy sent to a central receiver.
2. A part of the nervous system which serves to accelerate the heart rate, to constrict blood vessels, and to raise blood pressure.
The sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system are parts of the autonomic nervous system.
2. A system composed of two computers both of which are executing the same problem at the same time.
It may be either a redundant system or a master/slave configuration.
These defense attorneys may be private attorneys who agree to be rotated to perform such services for a low rate of reimbursement (payment) from the city, county, or state.
Usually defendants may place the entire amount with the court or pay a premium to a bondsman.
It includes design costs, land, site preparation, system installation, support structures, power conditioning, operation and maintenance costs, indirect storage, and related costs.
The term cardiovascular refers to the heart and blood vessels and these body elements work together to pump blood to all of the areas of the body.
- Blood is the fluid tissue which moves oxygen and nutrients to the other body tissues.
- In addition, blood returns some waste elements from the tissues to the kidneys and carries carbon dioxide back to the lungs.
- Blood cells are also important contributors to the immune system.
- The heart is that hollow, muscular organ, which is located between the lungs and under normal conditions, it is a very effective pump that supplies the power to maintain the blood flow that is needed throughout the entire body system.
2. A form of stratification defined by unequal access to economic resources and prestige, which is acquired at birth and does not permit individuals to alter their rank.
The numbers to the right of the decimal point represent a fractional part of a whole number.
The various digestive or gastrointestinal-tract systems include the following:
The oral cavity or mouth area:- The lips form the opening to the mouth.
- When a person eats, the lips hold the food in the mouth and aid the tongue and cheeks to guide food between the teeth for chewing.
- The hard palate is the bony back part of the palate which is covered with specialized mucous membrane.
- The soft palate is the flexible back part which functions as closing the nasal passage during swallowing to prevent food and liquid from moving up into the nasal cavity.
- The uvula hangs from the free edge of the soft palate and during the swallowing process, it moves up with the soft palate.
- The top of the tongue is the dorsum which has a tough protective covering and, in some areas, small bumps known as papillae which contain taste buds, which are the sensory receptors for the sense of taste.
- The sublingual part of the tongue has tissues under the tongue that are covered with delicate tissues that are very vascular or containing many blood vessels.
- The presence of the rich blood supply under the tongue makes it good for administering certain medications where they are quickly absorbed into the blood system.
- The lingual frenum attaches the tongue to the bottom of the mouth and limits it movements.
- The periodontium that consists of the bone and soft tissues that surround and support the teeth.
- The gingiva which is commonly known as the gums are the specialized mucous membrane that surrounds the teeth, covers the bone of the dental arches, and lines the cheeks.
- The boney parts of the mouth cavity include the maxillary and mandibular arches.
- These formations are commonly referred to as the upper and lower jaws that hold the teeth in position for chewing and speaking.
- At the back of the mouth where the maxillary and mandibular arches come together is call the temporomandibular joint.
- The maxillary arch does not move because it is part of the skull.
- The mandibular arch is a separate bone and it is a moveable part of the joint.
- The natural teeth that are arranged in the upper and lower jaws are called dentition.
- Human dentition includes four types of teeth:
- Incisors and canines, or cuspids, that make it possible to bite and to tear food apart.
- Premolars, or bicuspids, and molars that are used for the chewing and the grinding of food.
- Primary dentition, or deciduous dentition, or "baby teeth", contain twenty teeth which are usually lost during childhood which consist of eight incisors, four canines, eight molars, and no premolars; all of which are replaced with the "permanent" teeth.
- Permanent dentition normally has thirty-two teeth which include eight incisors, four canines, eight premolars, and twelve molars.
- After the natural "permanent teeth" have been lost, the condition is called edentulous or "without teeth".
- Occlusion of the teeth refers to the contacts that are made between the chewing surfaces of the lower and upper teeth.
- Any situation that is not a "normal positioning" of the upper teeth against the lower teeth is called "malocclusion".
- Saliva provides liquids for the mouth, begins the process of digestion, and lubricates food during the chewing and swallowing process all of which are provided by three pairs of salivary glands that secrete saliva which is carried by ducts into the mouth.
- The parotid glands that are located on the face in front of and slightly below each ear, have ducts on the inside of the cheek near the upper molars.
- The sublingual glands and their ducts are located on the bottom of the mouth are under the tongue.
- The submandibular glands are located on the bottom of the mouth with their ducts near the mandible.
- During swallowing, the soft palate, which is the muscular back part of the roof of the mouth moves up and backward to close off the nasopharynx which prevents food or liquids from going up into the nose.
- There is also the epiglottis that is like a lid located at the base of the tongue and which swings downward and closes off the laryngopharynx so food doesn't go into the trachea (windpipe) and the lungs.
- The stomach is composed of the fundus (upper, rounded part), the body (main section), and antrum (lower portion).
- Rugae are the folds in the mucosa that line the inside of the stomach and the glands that are located inside these folds produce gastric juices, which help to digest food and liquids, and mucus that functions to create a protective coating for the lining of the stomach.
- In addition, there is the pyorus which is the narrow passage that connects the stomach with the small intestine.
- Another section that exists before going into the duodenum is a kind of muscle that controls the flow of digested elements from the stomach.
- The duodenum is the first part of the small intestine that extends from the pylorus to the jejunum.
- The jejunum consists of the middle section of the small intestine and goes from the duodenum to the ileum.
- Then the last and longest part of the small intestine goes from the jejunum to the cecum of the large intestine.
The palate that forms the roof of the mouth:
The tongue which helps in speech and moves food during chewing and swallowing:
Soft tissues of the mouth:
The dental arches:
The teeth:
Salivary glands and saliva:
The pharynx, commonly known as the throat, controls the transportation of air, food, and liquids:
The stomach which is an organ like a sac that is shaped similar to a small bag:
The small intestine is a coiled organ that is up to twenty feet in length which goes from the pyloric sphincter to the first part of the large intestine and has three sections where food is digested and the nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream:
This detector is a four-stage, magnetically-focused image intensifier, coupled via a lens to a plumbicon television camera tube.
A plumbicon is the development of the vidicon television camera tube in which the photosensitive material is lead oxide.
A plumbicon is a registered trademark of Philips for its Lead Oxide (PbO) target vidicons or camera tubes in which a charge-density patterns are formed by photoconduction and stored on photoconductor surfaces that are scanned by electron beams; usually, of low-velocity electrons; used chiefly in industrial television cameras.
Sebaceous glands are small oil-producing glands in the skin which are usually connected to a hair follicle by a duct into which it releases sebum, a component of the slightly greasy film on the skin that helps keep it flexible and prevents too much water loss or absorption.
The glands are distributed over the entire body except the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet, most abundantly on the scalp and the face.
The International System is called the SI, using the first two initials of its French name Système International d'Unités.
The primary agreement is the "Treaty of the Meter" or the Convention du Mètre, signed in Paris on May 20, 1875.
Forty-eight nations have signed the treaty, including all the major industrialized countries. The United States is a charter member of the metric club, having signed the original document back in 1875.
Each SI unit is represented by a symbol, not an abbreviation. The use of unit symbols is regulated by precise rules.
These symbols are the same in every language of the world; however, the names of the units themselves vary in spelling according to national procedures; therefore, it is correct for Americans to write meter and Germans to write Meter, and it is also correct for the British to write metre, Italians to write metro, and Poles to write metr.
There is no official spelling of the SI units; however, the SI does provide the names, the definitions, and the symbols of the units which must be followed even when the spellings are different as shown below.
The fundamental SI unit of length has numerous spellings
- meter (American English, Danish, Dutch, German, Hungarian, Norwegian, Slovak, and Swedish)
- metr (Czech, Polish, Russian, Ukrainian)
- metras (Lithuanian)
- metre (British, Australian, Canadian and New Zealand English; French)
- metri (Finnish)
- metro (Basque, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish)
A list of elements associated with the International System of Units (SI)
- ampere (unit of measurement)
- are (unit of area measurement)
- atomic second
- candela (cd) (SI unit of measurement)
- centimeter (cm) (unit of measurement)
- coulomb (unit of energy measurement)
- farad (unit of measurement)
- gram (gm or g) (measurement)
- hectare (unit of measurement)
- henry (unit of energy measurement)
- hertz (unit of measurement)
- joule (unit of energy measurement)
- kelvin (K) (unit of measurement)
- kilogram (kg) (unit of measurement)
- kilometer (km) (unit of measurement)
- liter (l) (unit of measurement)
- lumen (unit of energy measurement)
- lux (unit of energy measurement)
- megohm (electronics)
- meter (m) (measurement)
- metric ton (unit of weight)
- micrometer (unit of measurement)
- millimeter (mm) (unit of measurement)
- mole (chemistry)
- nanometer (unit of measurement)
- nanotesla (physics)
- newton (unit of measurement)
- ohm (unit of energy measurement)
- pascal (Pa ) (unit of energy measurement)
- second (unit of time)
- siemens (S) (unit of energy measurement)
- tesla (unit of energy measurement)
- unit (measurement)
- volt (unit of measurement)
- watt (unit of measurement)
- weber (unit of measurement)
The following elements of the lymphatic and the immune systems function together to protect and to maintain the health of the body.
- The lymph is the fluid that removes cellular wastes, pathogens, and dead blood cells from the tissues.
- Lymphatic vessels and ducts return lymph from the tissue to the circulatory system.
- Lymph nodes filter pathogens and harmful substances from the lymph.
- Tonsils and adenoids protect the entry into the respiratory system.
- The spleen filters foreign materials from the blood, maintains the appropriate balance betwwen cells and plasma in the blood, and destroys worn-out blood cells, releases hemoglobin, acts as a blood reservoir, and stores platelets.
- Bone marrow produces blood cells.
- Lymphocytes are the specialized white blood cells which play an important role in immune reactions.
- The thymus secretes the endocrine thymosin that aids in the maturation of T lymphocytes which are used by the immune system.
- The immune system defends the body against harmful substances; such as, pathogenic micro-organisms, allergens, toxins, and bad or dangerous cells.
Fascia is the flat band of tissue under the skin that covers the underlying tissues and separates different layers of tissues; and it encloses muscles.
In several fields his writings represent the culminating achievement of Greco-Roman science, particularly his geocentric (earth-centered) model of the universe now known as the Ptolemaic system.
Nothing is known about Ptolemy's life except what can be inferred from his writings. His first major astronomical work, the Almagest (from a hybrid of Arabic and Greek, "the greatest"), was completed about A.D 150 and contains reports of astronomical observations which Ptolemy made over the preceding quarter of a century.
The size and content of his subsequent literary production suggests that he lived until about A.D. 170.
A very large array of solar cells on each satellite would provide electricity, which would be converted to microwave energy and beamed to a receiving antenna on the ground. There, it would be reconverted into electricity and distributed the same as any other centrally generated power, through a grid.
The various parts of the skeletal system provide essential elements for the body to survive.
- Bones provide the structures for the body, protect the internal organs, and store mineral calcium.
- Bone marrow forms some blood cells while yellow bone morrow stores fat.
- Cartilage creates a smooth surface for motions within the joints and also provides protection for the ends of the bones that are parts of the joints.
- The joints, or points of connections between two bones, function with the muscles to make a variety of movements possible.
- Ligaments are tough tissues that connect and allow for a range of motions of the joints between bones.
- The synovial membrane forms the lining of synovial joints and secretes synovial fluid.
- Synovial fluid is used to lubricate the joints so they can move smoothly and easily.
- The bursa is the small fluid-filled sac located between movable parts of the body especially at the joints.
Its boundary could be taken as the outermost point reached by Pluto or about fifty astronomical units from the sun.
It may, or may not, have storage; but most stand-alone systems require batteries or some other form of storage.
The system operating voltage is dependent on the load or batteries connected to the output terminals.