1. To strike back or to return like for like: to repay or to reciprocate an attacker with punishment of the same kind for an injury or wrongdoing; to revenge: When Peggy's brother made a rude remark to her, she retaliated by saying, "And the same to you!"

Sanctions by one country on other nations will result in their retaliating on the economy of the original sanction maker.

2. Etymology: from Latin retaliare; from re-, "back" + talio, "exact payment in kind"; so, it meant "to give tit for tat, to return like for like."

In legal usage, it meant "to inflict punishment similar and equal to the injury that had been inflicted."

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