A protopathic sensitivity refers to the deep pain sensations and marked variations in temperature, such as hot and cold, as distinguished from "epicritic sensibility", or the sensibility to gentle stimulations permitting fine discriminations of touch and temperature as localized in the skin.
Protopathic sensibility is transmitted principally along the thinnest nerve fibers, which lack a myelin sheath and conduct nerve impulses slowly.
It is related primarily to the spinothalamic system (extending between the spinal cord and the thalamus which is the large oval area of gray matter within the brain that relays nerve impulses from the basal ganglia to the cerebellum, both parts of the brain that control and regulate muscle movement), whose receptive neuron fields are often nonspecific and very large, covering the entire body.