1. The science of viticulture or the cultivation of grapes for making wine: Oenology has developed as indicated from the earliest records kept by ancient civilizations and has developed a number of varieties.
2. The study of various kinds of wines:

• Natural wines, also called beverage or table wines, come from juice pressed from grapes and that are allowed to ferment naturally perhaps with the addition of controlled amounts of yeast, sugar, or very small amounts of sulfur.
• Fortified wines have a dosage of alcohol; such as, grape brandy during their vinification resulting in vermouths, sherry, Marsala, Madeira, or port.
• Sparkling wines, like champagne, go through a double fermentation, the second one taking place in the bottle.
• Wines are also classified by color when they are red, white, or pink.

3. Etymology: from Greek oinos, "wine" + -logy, "science of, study of". © ALL rights are reserved.

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