Morphine is a naturally occurring member of a large chemical class of compounds called alkaloids and it is dangerously addicting.
Morphine is highly effective in relieving pain and it also inhibits the cough reflex; however, it also decreases the desire to eat and causes constipation.
Side effects include detriment to mental performance, euphoria, depression, drowsiness, lethargy, and blurred vision.
The term, which is derived from Morpheus, the mythological son of sleep and god of dreams, was coined in 1805 by German apothecary Adolf Serturner (1783-1841) to designate the main alkaloid in opium that comes from the poppy plant.
Emergency treatment includes gastric lavage, charcoal, and respiratory support.
It is soluble in alcohol and ether and is used as a medicine.