1. A person who takes part in an insurrection; a rebel; an insurgent who revolts against a civil authority or a constituted government: The insurrectionary, or insurgent, was the protagonist of the story Mary was reading, and was one of the others involved in the mutiny on the ship.
2. A case of an open uprising against a civil authority: A famous insurrectionary was the Boston Tea Party that occurred in Boston in 1773.