The study of the Earth in terms of its development as a planet since its origin: Geology includes the history of its life forms, the materials of which it is made, the processes that affect these materials, and the products that are formed from them.

Geology is the science which includes the structure and mineral constitution of the globe, also termed structural geology.

Geology is the study or science of the Earth, its history, and its life as recorded in the rocks. It also includes the study of geologic features of an area, such as the geometry of rock formations, weathering and erosion, and sedimentation.

The use of geological techniques and methods in archaeological work: Archeological geology is different from geoarchaeology in that it is a subfield of archaeology focusing on the physical context of deposits.