It consists of three parts or zones: orbiculus ciliaris, corona ciliaris, and ciliary muscle.
2. The inability to localize and name the parts of one's own body; finger agnosia would be autotopagnosia restricted to the fingers.
3. A disorder of the body image, because of a lesion of the parietal cortex in the nondominant hemisphere or organic brain damage, characterized by an inability to relate the parts of one's own body to extrapersonal space often with the consequent loss of topographical orientation.
Sometimes the affected individual is also unable to identify and interrelate to the parts of the body of another individual or even with a model.
These two cavities are defined in their alphabetical positions in this unit.
This body plethysmograph device is used for studying alveolar pressures, lung volumes, and airway resistance. The patient sits or reclines in an airtight compartment and breathes normally.
The pressure of the body plethysmograph changes in the alveoli (tiny sac for holding air in the lungs) when it is alternated by the direction of motions in the compartment and are recorded automatically.
It contains cells that respond to changes in oxygen concentration in the blood and to changes in blood pressure.
2. A small structure containing neural tissue at the bifurcation (two branches) of the carotid arteries.It monitors the pressure and oxygen content of the blood and, therefore, it assists in regulating respiration or breathing.
The resulting nerve impulses cause the respiratory center in the medulla to increase respiratory activity.
2. An actual body whose behavior approaches that of an ideal rigid body; such as, a steel beam.
3. An idealized extended solid whose size and shape are definitely fixed and remain unaltered when forces are applied.
The rigid body assumption is a mathematical convenience that is useful and gives correct results for many important phenomena.
The taste buds are located in the papillae (puh PILL ee), which are projections, or bumps, on the upper surface of the tongue that sense flavors; such as, bitter, sweet, salty, and sour.
2. The movable fleshy organ attached to the bottom of the inside of the mouth of humans and most animals, used for tasting, licking, swallowing, and, in humans, speech.As stated previously, the tongue is a strong muscle anchored to the floor of the mouth. It is covered by the lingual membrane which has special areas to detect tastes.
The tongue is attached to the lower jaw and to the hyoid bone (a small, U-shaped bone that lies deep in the muscles at the back of the tongue) above the larynx.
Again, as defined above, on the top surface of the tongue there are small nodules called papillae that give the tongue its rough texture.
Between the papillae at the sides and base of the tongue, there are small bulb-like structures that are the taste buds. The muscle fibers of the tongue are heavily supplied with nerves.
The tongue aids in the formation of the sounds of speech and coordinates its movements to aid in swallowing.
The adjective for tongue is "lingual"; so, the papillae of the tongue are the lingual papillae.
2. The transparent gelatinous substance filling the eyeball behind the crystalline lens.
The vitreous humor contains very few cells; mostly phagocytes which remove unwanted cellular debris in the visual field), no blood vessels, and 99% of its volume is water with salts, sugars, and a network of collagen fibers with hyaluronic acid accounting for the rest; however, the vitreous has a viscosity two to four times that of pure water, giving it a gelatinous consistency.
Hyaluronic acid is a complex viscous substance that lubricates joints in the body and is present in connective tissue. It also plays a role in the healing of wounds.
- The head
- The thorax or mid-section.
- The abdomen or gastor.
Three pairs of legs are attached to the thorax, and like all insects, ant bodies are encased in a hard, shell-like covering or exoskeleton and their legs are jointed.
The thorax can be broken down into two major parts: the alitrunk, which contains the legs and wings, and the petiole, which is found directly anterior to the gastor and is found only in ants.
Ants have mandibles (jaws) which are of varied structures. These varied structures provide for a plethora of functions ranging from grasping, tearing, cutting and other special tasks.
Most ants have a stinger at the end of the gastor. Some ants can release this stinger similar to the way honeybees do it. The stinger is only found in female ants and is a modified ovipositor (egg laying organ).
Ants have compound eyes which have not been shown to effect their behavior, although some ants seem to be able to detect movements. They have very sensitive antennae that are used for a wide array of communication.
Nearly all ants have a unique gland found on the petiole called the metapleural gland. Most importantly, this gland has been shown to contain antibacterial and antifungal chemicals which are essential for survival in the humid, dark nests in the ground or rotting vegetation.
This gland secretes an antiseptic substance that at times acts as a repellent to attacking organisms. It is also thought that the metapleural gland releases pheromones for communication.
Their varied mandibles are an irreplaceable tool for accomplishing the jobs necessary for the multiple behaviors displayed by various individuals of colonies.
The metapleural gland excretes antifungal and antibacterial materials that ants spread throughout their colonies through their wanderings. This protects their brood and their food supplies in the humid underground environment.
Medical references as related to the body or anatomy.