1. The power, strength, or energy that someone or something possesses: "Houses were blown apart by the force of the hurricane."
2. Physical power, effort, or violence used against someone or something that resists what is being attempted against him/her or it.
3. The condition of being effective, valid, or applicable: "The police were accused of using excessive force when they arrested the drunk man."
4. Power or strength that is intellectual or moral rather than physical: "The audience was convinced by the force of her presentation."
5. Someone, or something, that has great power or influence; especially, in a particular field of endeavor: "He has been the driving force behind these political changes."
6. A body of military personnel, ships, or aircraft brought together to fight in a battle or a war: "Naval and army task forces were sent to the area."
7. A professional body of police officers.
8. A group of people who work together for a particular purpose; such as, an educational force.
9. A physical influence that tends to change the position of an object with mass, equal to the rate of change in momentum of the object.
10. To make someone do something the he or she does not want to do: "They forced all of us to work more hours with the same pay that we were receiving before."
11. Etymology: from Old French force, from Late Latin fortia; from Latin fortis, "strong".

A force between two objects such that each has the physical property of charge.

1. An imaginary line in which each segment of the line is parallel to the direction of the electric field or the direction of the electric displacement at that point, and the density of the collection of the line is relative to the electric field or the electrical displacement.
2. The electric lines of force that make up an electric field or region.
3. The integral over a surface of the component of the electric displacement perpendicular to the surface and equal to the number of electric lines of forces crossing the surface.

A form of energy which produces all the interactions between charged particles; such as, electricity, magnetism, chemical reactions, etc.

Electromagnetic force stops solids from falling apart, and acts between all particles with electric charges.

The elementary particle which is the carrier for the electromagnetic force is the photon.

A list of elements arranged according to their standard electrode potentials, with noble metals; such as, gold, being positive and active metals, including zinc, being negative.

1. The pressure that causes electrons to move in an electrical circuit, measured as the amount of energy supplied by an electric current passing through a given source, as measured in volts.
2. The electric potential, or ability of electric energy to perform work.

Electromotive force is usually measured in joules per coulomb, or volts; and the higher the voltage, the greater the potential of electric energy.

Any device; such as, a storage battery, that converts some form of energy into electricity is a source of electromotive force or EMF or emf; or, a generator produces an electromotive force.

3. The difference in electric potential, or voltage, between the terminals of a source of electricity; such as, a battery from which no current is being drawn. When current is drawn, the potential difference drops below the emf value.
4. The force that causes a flow or the movement of electrons through an electrical circuit.

It is the amount of energy derived from an electric source in one second when one unit of current is passing through the source, commonly measured in volts.

Electromotive force is produced by differences in electrical charge or potential.

5. Energy per unit electric charge that is imparted by an energy source; such as, an electric generator or a battery.

When the device does work on the electric charge being transferred within itself, energy is converted from one form to another.

1. The force exerted by stationary objects that are bearing an electric charge on other stationary objects bearing an electric charge.

If the charges are of the same sign, then the force is repulsive; if they are of opposite signs, the force is attractive.

The strength of the force is described by Coulomb's law or a law that was formulated by Charles Augustin de Coulomb (1736-1806), French physicist, which describes the electric forces between charged objects.

The law states that:

• like charges repel each other and unlike charges attract each other,
• the attraction or repulsion acts along the line between the two charges,
• the size of the force varies inversely as the square of the distance between the two charges,
• the size of the force is proportional to the value of each charge.

2. A force resulting from the attraction of stationary, charged bodies, proportional to the product of their magnitudes and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
3. A force on a charged particle resulting from an electrostatic field, equal to the electric field vector times the charge of the particle.
4. Like charges in close proximity produce forces of repulsion between them; consequently, if two surfaces bear appreciable and approximately equal densities of charged groups on their surfaces appreciable forces of repulsion may occur between them.

The range of these forces is determined primarily by the ionic strength of the intervening medium, forces being of minimal range at high ionic strength.

The forces are effective over approximately twice the double layer of their thickness.

1. In law, an unexpected event that crucially affects someone's ability to do something and can be used in law as an excuse for not having carried out the terms of an agreement.
2. A superior or overpowering force or a force that is superior in power and impossible to resist.
3. An unexpected or uncontrollable event.
4. A natural and unavoidable catastrophe that interrupts the expected course of events.
5. A contract provision that excuses a performance if it is rendered impractical by an strong event; sometimes it is referred to as an "Act of God"; for example, a fire or a natural event; such as, a flood, terrible snow storm, etc.

This term is French for "a greater force."

A vector field (a quantity that has both direction and magnitude, e.g. force or velocity, usually represented by an arrow) occupying physical space in which a magnetic force can be detected, typically in the presence of a permanent magnet, current-carrying conductor, or electromagnetic wave.

1. The ratio of the force produced by a machine: One example of a mechanical advantage is a lever or pulley that can be used to analyze the performance of a machine."
2. The ratio of the output force to the input force for a machine which transmits mechanical energy: "Mechanical advantage is the work produced by a machine, divided by the force applied to it".

"Actual machines can provide a mechanical advantage that is greater than unity (number or numeral one, oneness); however, the greater the mechanical advantage, the greater the distance which the input force must move in relation to the output force."

A force that can be traced to the effect of its actual physical origin, as distinguished from a theoretical force that is postulated to account for some observed effect.