An X-ray examination of the urinary bladder after the introduction of a liquid that is partially opaque to X-rays.

This type of examination frequently is part of a complete x-ray study of the kidneys, urethra, and ureters as well as the bladder. It is useful in diagnosing tumors or other defects in the bladder wall, vesicoureteral reflux (backward flow of urine from the bladder into a ureter), and calculi or other pathologic conditions of the bladder.