The enamel is the outermost white hard surface and the dentin is the yellow layer just beneath enamel. Both layers serve to protect the inner living tooth tissue called the pulp, where blood vessels and nerves reside.
Small cavities may not cause pain, and may be unnoticed by the patient. Larger cavities can collect food, and the inner pulp of the affected tooth can become irritated by bacterial toxins, foods that are cold, hot, sour, or sweet; therefore, causing toothache. Also referred to as caries.
2. Etymology: from Latin abdomen, abdominis, "belly" and from medical Latin abdominalis.
The stomach (which is in the abdominal area) is lined with thirty-five million glands that produce about three quarts (2.85 liters) of gastric juices daily. Hydrochloric acid makes up roughly five percent of these juices and, together with other acids and various enzymes, constantly works to digest food particles.
These two cavities are defined in their alphabetical positions in this unit.
2. Etymology: cranial comes from Modern Latin cranium which came from Greek kranion, "skull"; while cavity is from Middle French cavité (13th century), from Late Latin cavitas, "hollowness" which came from Latin cavus, "hollow".
It contains organs of the nervous system that coordinate body functions and is divided into two parts: the cranial cavity and the spinal cavity; both of which are defined in this unit.
2. Etymology: pelvic refers to the "basin-like cavity formed by the bones of the pelvic girdle" from Modern Latin which came from Latin pelvis, "basin, laver" (borrowing of Latin lavare, "to wash").
2. Etymology: from Late Latin spinalis, which came from Latin spina, "back bone" and cavity is from Middle French cavité (13th century), from Late Latin cavitas, "hollowness" which came from Latin cavus, "hollow".
All of these terms are defined separately in their alphabetical positions in this unit.