1. Something intended to deceive.
2. Deliberate trickery intended to gain an advantage over someone or others.
3. Intentional deception resulting in injury to another person.
4. A person who makes deceitful pretenses.
5. The crime of obtaining money or some other benefit by deliberate deception.
6. Someone who deliberately deceives somebody else, usually for financial gain.
7. Something that is intended to deceive people: "She wrote a news story that was subsequently exposed as a fraud."
8. Etymology: "criminal deception" from about 1345, from Old French fraude; from Latin fraudem, fraus, "deceit, injury."

The fraudulent manipulation of data in a biological study or survey; such as, when someone "submits false samples of a threatened species".

The illegal interference with the process of a political election.

Acts of fraud tend to involve the results of vote counts to bring about a desired election outcome, whether by increasing the vote share of the favored candidate, depressing the vote share of the rival candidates, or both.

A general reference to any type of fraud scheme that uses one or more online services; such as, e-mail, chat rooms, message boards, or web sites, to present fraudulent solicitations, or scams, to prospective victims.

Used to conduct fraudulent transactions, or to transmit the proceeds of a fraud to financial institutions, or to others connected with the scam.

Fraud by with the use of forged documents or false claims or perjury; which misleads a court, or jury, and produces a finding for the one perpetrating the fraud or scam.

Consisting of acts, omissions, or concealments involving breach of equitable or legal duty, trust, or confidence.

1. A fraud, or a scam, committed by means of electronic communication; such as, with a telephone or a modem.
2. A situation where a person concocts a scheme to defraud or obtain money based on false representation or promises.

This criminal act is done using electronic communications or an interstate communications facility. Like any type of fraud, wire fraud is a U.S. federal offense. People can be found guilty for their misuse of a communication facility, regardless of whether their scheme actually defrauded anyone.