1. The earliest known inhabitants of a place, or earliest known dwellers in any country; an aborigine.
2. Someone who is supposed to have risen, or have sprung, from the ground, or the soil he is currently inhabiting; a "son of the soil".

This title was assumed by the ancient Greeks, particularly the Athenians.

3. That which is original to a particular country, or which had its origin there.
4. Original inhabitants or products.
5. In ecology, an indigenous plant or animal.
6. In geology, a geological formation formed in the region where it is found.