An integration of some archaeological fields with relevant geological sciences to investigate geological effects on historical sites, monuments, and other properties concerning constructive materials (type, situation, and position of mines and other natural resources) and destructive geological forces in the environment; such as, earthquakes, faults, and earth movements.

Geological maps indicating prehistoric layers of the earth's crust, faults, historic and recently found mines, hydrology layers, and seismological information are used as basic information in this field.