1. Deviation or departure from the normal or common order, form, or rule.
2. Anything that is peculiar, strange, irregular, abnormal, or difficult to classify.
3. In astronomy, the angle in a planet's orbit or the angle between a planet's position, the sun, and the point in the planet's orbit when it is closest to the sun; or the angular deviation, as observed from the sun, of a planet from its perihelion.
4. An odd, peculiar, or strange condition, situation, quality, etc. and an incongruity or inconsistency.
5. Etymology: from Latin anomalia, from Greek anomalia, noun of quality from anomalos, "uneven, irregular"; from an-, "not" + homalos, "even", from homos, "same".

A device for measuring abnormalities in seismic, gravitational, magnetic, and other factors; used in locating underwater deposits.

Intrauterine development of an organ or structure that is abnormal in form, structure, or position.

A birth defect caused by a structural abnormality or a marked deviation from the average or norm; anything that is structurally unusual or irregular or contrary to a general rule; such as, a congenital defect.

There are four clinically significant medical types of anomalies: malformation, disruption, deformation, and dysplasia (abnormal in form; for example, retinal dysplasia is abnormal formation of the retina during embryonic development).

An unusually high concentration of one or more chemical elements in a sample of rock, soil, vegetation, water, or a high concentration of hydrocarbons in soil, which often indicates a nearby mineral deposit.